{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title":"Marx and the Concept of Historical Time","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","uuid":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title":"Marx and the Concept of Historical Time","normalized_title":"marxandtheconceptofhistoricaltime","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":200,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Marx%20and%20the%20Concept%20of%20Historical%20Time","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/search"},"page":{"printed_page":139,"pdf_page":143,"physical_index":143,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"44cbc27ca6deef6aa1765b893ed138b2c0fceddc9fc0aae92a89f343459d2f58"},"chapter":"第四章《资本论》:思考历史的条件","content":"力量”。马克思和恩格斯的论点是正确的一一这一章应该被理解为加强了这一论点—一在资产阶级历史观中—一在“迄今为止的历史观”中——“历史的实际基础要么被完全忽视，要么被视为与历史进程完全无关的小事”。17然而，他们在《德意志意识形态》中没有认识到的，以及马克思在《资本论》的各种草稿中没有证明、甚至没有提出的是，没有“需要”，历史就不能被理解，也就是说，最初不是人的需要，而是资本自我扩张的需要。最终，正是资本运动的两大“部分”——生产过程和流通过程——合在一起，才使得“人类需要的扩张过程和与之相适应的生产力”作为历史得以理解，但是，本章认为，资本的生产过程占据优先地位，因为这一过程直接决定了，在资本主义中，人不仅不是自身需求扩张的主体，而且这种转移正是“人类历史”存在的原因。正如我们将看到的，生产过程是一些最基本的、似乎不言自明的假设的本体论基础，这些假设是马克思(如果不是每一个后启蒙时代)的历史观默认的:人类历史不仅“自身存在”，而且它的进程永远不会停止。因此，指导本章的思辨命题是这样的：价值增值是历史时间的产物。资本的生产过程使价值增值，而且它是这样做的，用Lukács这句引语来概括这一章，历史时间成为它的自我认识。\n\n16 The point here is not that the assertion that class struggle is the motive force of history’ is necessarily misplaced, but that it must negotiate the fact that in addition to being the condition of thinking history, capital is the condition of thinking the category of class’\n\n17Marx and Engels, DI, 39 (GI, 59). Heidegger’ s philosophy of history is the paradigmatic example of this\n\n18 Marx, Grundrisse, 620.\n\n19 Osborne, How to Read Marx, 41.\n\n20 As Ricœur stresses in his reading of Koselleck, this goes hand-in-hand with the idea that 'history is the history of humanity, and in this worldwide sense, the world history of peoples. Humanity becomes both the total object and the unique subject of history, at the same time as history becomes a collective singular.’ Ricœ ur, Memory, History, Forgetting, 300. The irony here is that history first becomes the history of humanity' precisely because capital, not humanity, is the subject of this history.\n\n139","previous_page":138,"next_page":140}