{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title":"Marx and the Concept of Historical Time","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","uuid":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title":"Marx and the Concept of Historical Time","normalized_title":"marxandtheconceptofhistoricaltime","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":200,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Marx%20and%20the%20Concept%20of%20Historical%20Time","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/search"},"page":{"printed_page":141,"pdf_page":145,"physical_index":145,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"e86ee65ae963a45dce174aa96fff8644f22c3c8dd4c55b549d1d47255350315b"},"chapter":"第四章《资本论》:思考历史的条件","content":"当我们谈到“资本的生产过程”时，按照马克思的观点，我们必须从内部把这个过程区别于“劳动过程”和“价值增值过程”。从一种观点来看，这两个过程之间的关系已经确立:它直接对应于生产使用价值的具体劳动(劳动过程)和生产交换价值的抽象劳动(价值增值过程)之间的关系。马克思经常在具体/抽象劳动关系的范围内描述劳动过程和价值增值过程之间的关系：“生产过程是劳动过程和价值增值过程的直接统一，正如它的直接结果即商品是使用价值和交换价值的直接统一一样。”因此，就像具体劳动和抽象劳动一样，我们在这里看到的不是两种不同的行为：劳动过程和价值增值过程记录了同一个目的行为，尽管是从辩证对立的立场出发的。就像抽象劳动和具体劳动一样，劳动过程和增殖过程的统一是按等级结构构成的：“……劳动过程本身只不过是增殖过程的手段，正如产品的使用价值只不过是它的交换价值的储存库一样”24;此外，“在资本主义生产中,劳动过程只是手段，目的是由增殖过程提供的。因此，正如具体劳动和使用价值作为抽象劳动和价值的内化的、辩证的对立面而存在一样，劳动过程在资本主义内部的存在26也是以增殖过程为前提的：前者之所以存在，只是因为它被后者内化了，成为它的辩证对立面。在这个意义上，“劳动过程就像它被纳入(增殖过程)一样，被包含在它之下。”27然而，马克思对劳动过程和增值过程之间关系的分析给了我们一个直接解释这些关系存在的原因，而第3章中对具体劳动和抽象劳动之间关系的阐述却没有。具体劳动和抽象劳动之间的关系所假定的，正是劳动过程和增殖过程之间的关系所解释的:生产必要劳动和剩余劳动之间的关系。正是这种生产，而且只有这种生产才是生产\n\n23 See Karl Marx, Resultate des unmittelbaren Produktionsprozesses (Frankfurt: Archiv sozialistischer Literatur 17, Neue Kritik, 1968), 21 (Marx, Capital 1, 991). The Results of the Immediate Production-Process -and not the 186í-63 Manuscripts or the first volume of Capital (proper) -contains the most direct account of the relation between the labour- and valorisation-process.\n\n24Marx, Resultate des unmittelbaren Produktionsprozesses, 21 (Marx, Capital 1, 990). 25 Marx, Capital 1, 1001-2.\n\n26 We should remind ourselves that, as with concrete labour and use-value, Marx presents us, quite problematically, with a transhistorical labour-process per se. He does not recognise that, conceptually speaking, the labour-process’ , just likeconcrete labour’ and use-value’ , depends on capitalism for its intelligibility. The transhistorical descriptions of the labour-process do not just appear in Chapter 7 (of the English edition) of the first volume of Capital: see, for instance, Marx, Economic Manuscripts of 1861- 63, 56-9, in addition to Marx, Contribution, 36.\n\n27Marx, Economic Manuscripts of 1861-63, 67.\n\n141","previous_page":140,"next_page":142}