{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title":"Marx and the Concept of Historical Time","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","uuid":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title":"Marx and the Concept of Historical Time","normalized_title":"marxandtheconceptofhistoricaltime","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":200,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Marx%20and%20the%20Concept%20of%20Historical%20Time","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/search"},"page":{"printed_page":174,"pdf_page":178,"physical_index":178,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"6451134f142f171dbe372c9777c82cb5a39984f0062ffaf74b7d3d37d27e1f4d"},"chapter":"第四章《资本论》:思考历史的条件","content":"这是一段独特的历史时间，因此是一种“一次性的行为”（不管这一行为在何时何地持续多久，也不管它本身包含着无数的单一行为)。毋宁说，这一点必须在“一般资本”或“普遍资本”的层面上加以理解(当然，它是通过个别资本辩证地表现出来的):在这个意义上，原始积累与资本主义积累(“适当的”126)在本体论上因而在逻辑上是必要的关系，这样，原始积累标志着系统辩证法的本质和不断再生产的基础(因此，我们很快就会考虑到，由马克思的“资本”概念所表达的历史辩证法。正如前面提到的，这里问题的关键是(生产者和生产资料之间，以及雇佣工人和资本家之间的)分离，没有这种分离，就不可能有劳动力的商品化，从而也就没有资本的生产过程。在马克思的著作中有许多段落揭示了资本主义积累在本体论和逻辑上依赖于原始积累的意义。127在《资本论》第三卷中，作为他对资本集中化的分析的一部分，即大资本“吞噬”小资本一一“去资本化”——马克思认为，“这只是劳动条件与提高到更高权力的生产者的分离。”128在《剩余价值论》第三卷(1861-63年手稿)中，他把资本积累——“在资本本身的基础上的资本积累”——描述为“(再生产)与规模日益扩大的劳动相对立的客观财富(gegenständlichen《帝国论》)的分离和独立存在”。因此，资本主义积累“仅仅表现为一种\n\n126 The difference between originary accumulation and capitalist accumulation (the latter is frequently labelled as mature accumulation’ or accumulation proper' ) must be maintained, șo as not to conflate these concepts in Marx, who on a number of occasions explicitly differentiates them: 'It is indeed this separation between the conditions of labour, on the one hand, and the producers, on the other, that forms the concept of capital, as this arises with originary accumulationsubsequently appearing as a constant process in the accumulation and concentration of capital, before it is finally expressedas the centralisation of capitals already existing in few hands, and the decapitalisation of many.' See Marx, Kapital 3, 256 (Capital 3, 354- 55). Commenting on this passage, De Angelis suggests that while sharing the same principle -separation – the two concepts point at two different conditions of existence. [Originary accumulation] implies the ex novo production of the separation, while [capitalist accumulation] implies the reproduction -on a greater scale -of the same separațion.' Massimo De Angelis, 'Marx and primitive accumulation: The continuous character of capital' s \"enclosures\"’, 8. Thus even as, strictly speaking, originary accumulation' is the origiņnary accumulation of capital, such that it is, at a certain level, misleading to suggest that it is not a kind of capitalist' accumulation (particularly since capitalist accumulation (proper) creates the conditions, as we will see, whereby originary accumulation is constantly reproduced), it is necessary, on another level, to differentiate these two accumulations. Only one -capitalist accumulation -actually creates surplus-value, whereas the other is the condition of possibility for this. Likewise, capital is the subject of capitalist accumulation, whereas it is not the subject of (its) originary accumulation (the state is).\n\n127 I am indebted to De Angelis for the passages cited here, specifically sectio 3.2 of his ‘Marx and primitive accumulation: The continuous character of capital' s “enclosures\"’ : Separation and the secret of (primitive) accumulation'.\n\n128 Marx, Kapital 3, 256 (Capital 3, 354).\n\n174","previous_page":173,"next_page":175}