{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title":"Marx and the Concept of Historical Time","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","uuid":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title":"Marx and the Concept of Historical Time","normalized_title":"marxandtheconceptofhistoricaltime","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":200,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Marx%20and%20the%20Concept%20of%20Historical%20Time","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/search"},"page":{"printed_page":183,"pdf_page":187,"physical_index":187,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"256a6f043e2b5499f5f7fee91a09d8561dc8d81da9d6169755a05e69f8bbb59c"},"chapter":"第四章《资本论》:思考历史的条件","content":"结束语《资本的历史时间与历史的时间》\n\n时间是衡量生命本身的尺度。1\n\n资本的生产过程在本文中被置于优先地位，因为它是“生活资料的社会生产”作为历史得以理解的第一个和最直接的基础。然而，由于生产过程是一个必要的出发点，它—一以及《资本论》第一卷——并没有把资本确定为思维历史的条件，因而也就没有穷尽资本和历史时间之间关系的范围。最后，只有把直接生产过程同资本的流通过程结合起来加以考察，才能真正揭示唯物主义历史观的基础，从而揭示从这种历史观发展出历史时间观的可能性。流通过程的意义不是由所谓的“简单流通”(狭义上的货币和商品的流通)来表示的，而是由作为资本的货币和商品的流通来表示的。正是这种流通，或者马克思经常所说的“正常的流通过程”(den eigentlichen Zirkulationsprozeß)，一方面与“实际的”生产过程一起构成资本运动的“两大部分”之一，使我们能够识别和区分，“流通时间”和“生产时间”是不同的。3另一方面，这也是《资本论》第二卷所关注的一个基本问题，“流通”同样必须被理解为一个更广泛、更全面的范畴，在更高的抽象层次上，它实际上包含了资本的直接生产过程，作为其自身的必要环节。\n\n¹Marx, Economic Manuscripts of 1861-63, 52.\n\n2 Marx states: the total production-process [Gesamtproduktionsprozeß] of capital includes both the circulation-process proper and the actual production-process. These form the two great sections of its movement, which appears as the totality of these two processes. On one side, labour-time, and on the other, circulation-time. And the whole of the movement appears as unity of labour-time and circulation-time, as unity of production and circulation. This unity itself is motion, process. Capital appears as this unity-inprocess of production and circulation, a unity which can be regarded both as the totality of the productionprocess, as well as the specific completion of one trnover of the capital, one movement returning into itself.'Marx, Grundrisse der Kritik der politiscen Ökonomie, 520 (Grundrisse, 620). The proper in the expressionthe circulation-process proper' and theactual' in the expressionthe actual production-process' are two different translations of the same German word: eigentlichen.\n\n3 Therefore, circulation-time and production-time are mutually exclusive. During its circulation-time, capital does not function as productive capital, and...produces neither commodities nor surplus-value.’ See Karl Marx, Capital: a Critique of Political Economy, Vol. 2: the Process of Circulation of Capital [1885] (hereafter Capital 2), trans. David Fernbach (London and New York: Penguin Books, 1978), 203. See also Marx, Grundrisse, 658, where circulation-time is figured as not-production-time' as well as not-valuepositing-time’\n\n183","previous_page":182,"next_page":184}