{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title":"Marx and the Concept of Historical Time","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","uuid":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title":"Marx and the Concept of Historical Time","normalized_title":"marxandtheconceptofhistoricaltime","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":200,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Marx%20and%20the%20Concept%20of%20Historical%20Time","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/search"},"page":{"printed_page":31,"pdf_page":35,"physical_index":35,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"0a0f0e1462461dcf7b3e6bbb41bf1cb8daf265c4d1ef765cfde9a814ce6d31ee"},"chapter":"第一章唯物主义历史观:一种时间解读","content":"唯物主义和压迫是这里的关键出发点。对她来说，性是一种统治范畴，是一种压迫的社会关系，其中生物生殖是作为女性的社会生活的历史剥削领域。在这种对马克思唯物主义的解读中，历史压迫是“根本的现实，是出发点”。’58\n\n对于唯物主义的历史观来说，“手段”这个概念是多么重要，怎么强调都不为过。这种重要性随着两个最初的历史行为中的第一个行为而显现出来：创造满足现存需要的手段(而不是满足这些需要本身)。这种对手段的强调使我们回到了构成历史的两个最初的历史行为之间明显的紧张关系。第二个“第一”历史行为，即创造新的需要，现在必须同第一个“第一”历史行为，即创造满足现有需要的手段联系起来加以考察。这里的问题不在于新需要的内容，而在于这些新需要以何种方式构成更普遍的历史逻辑。马克思和恩格斯并没有把两种最初的历史活动混为一谈，而是把创造满足现有需要的手段和创造新的需要看作同一历史活动的两种不同的表现。59在这个意义上，“手段”和“新事物”在马克思的概念上是不可分离的。60生活资料的生产，而不是生活本身，统一了现有的和新的需要，同时也没有瓦解现有的领域和新的领域之间的差异。由此而来的是一个明确无误的—一如果不发达的话——历史逻辑。一个动态的、开放的“第一次历史行动”产生了一种历史概念，这种概念与现存与新事物之间的任何固定对立都是含蓄地格格不入的。因此.历史变化的概念是不稳定的。建立一个历史行为与另一个历史行为之间的区别和关系，划分一个历史行为的结束和另一个历史行为的开始，在这个意义上变得不稳定\n\n58 Marxism ismaterialist. To this extent it can be used by feminism. Insofar as materialism concerns oppression, and inversely if we accept that to start from oppression defines among other things a materialist approach, “a feminist sciencewants to reach an explanation of the oppression; to do this it must start with it (and)it will tend inevitably towards a materialist theory of history\" …materialism is not one possible tool, amongst others, for oppressed groups; it is the tool precisely in so far as it is the only theory of history for which oppression is the fundamental reality, the point of departure.' Christine Delphy, A Materialist Feminism is Possible' , trans. Diana Leonard, Feminist Review 4 (1980), 87. The guotation embedded within this passage is a self-quotation by Delphy, from 'Pour un feminisme materialiste' , L'Arc 61 (1976).\n\n59 As Peter Osborne states, Marx’ s grammar is confusing (the manuscript never received its final revision), but there is only one act at issue here. The “production of the means to satisfy existing needs\" and the “creation of new needs\" refer to two aspects of the same act, since the production of new means to satisfy existing needs creates a (hitherto non-existent) need for these means.’ Osborne, How to Read Marx, 41. For an additional explanation of this confusion' , see Soper, On Human Needs, 46.\n\n60 This conceptual inseparability critically enriches Marx’ s understanding of the human as a genusbeing' [Gattungswesen] in the 1844 Manuscripts. If the movement of Gattungswesen is the movement of humans beçoming more than themselves, if it denotes the movement whereby humans become more-thanhuman' [Ubermensch], then The German Ideology effectively stipulates that this movement is based in the historical and historicalising movement which is the creation of new needs.\n\n31","previous_page":30,"next_page":32}