{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title":"Marx and the Concept of Historical Time","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","id":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","uuid":"b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title":"Marx and the Concept of Historical Time","normalized_title":"marxandtheconceptofhistoricaltime","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":200,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Marx%20and%20the%20Concept%20of%20Historical%20Time","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/b1ad407a-d523-4f8b-bd50-238767f146d6/search"},"page":{"printed_page":36,"pdf_page":40,"physical_index":40,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"43e299617f125b89993c7b82bfa629cc06def6b8c9077752b2e36451c7489c13"},"chapter":"第一章唯物主义历史观:一种时间解读","content":"经济因素是唯一的决定因素，他把这个命题变成了毫无意义的、抽象的、毫无意义的空话。70\n\n撇开这个题外话不谈，我们现在必须在广义的抽象层面上讨论第一次历史行动的时间性与生产力和生产关系的辩证法之间的关系。换句话说，一方面是创造满足现有需要的手段的辩证法和创造新的需要的辩证法，另一方面是力量和生产关系的辩证法，两者之间的时间关系是什么?要回答这个问题，首先要对什么是生产力做一个简短的说明。随着需要和时间71，生产力填补了马克思的财富范畴(“财富”，对马克思来说，是需要、生产力和time.72)之间的特殊关系，因此，生产力的范围是广阔的。它吸收了大卫·哈维(DavidHarvey)所描述的“通过人类劳动改造和占有自然的力量”，尽管它没有被这种力量耗尽。73生产力包括生产资料(producktionsmittel):例如生产的工具、仪器、技术和机器(这包括人体，这一点很重要)，但又不能简化为生产资料。74社会化的物质一—有机的和无机物—一是一种生产力，举一个最著名的例子，这个记录为马克思对土地和生产之间关系的广泛分析提供了信息。从概念上讲，重要的是要指出，在《德意志意识形态》和其他地方，力量/权力[Kräfte]应该被认为是“手段”的本体论基础[Mitteln]，尽管我们对“生产力”与更广泛的关于力量/权力的哲学文献之间的关系的理解在很大程度上仍然处于黑暗之中。75看起来，至少，马克思的“生产力”得益于康德，黑格尔，特别是莱布尼茨的工作，他在物质中运动和力的内在化指出了马克思对唯物主义更广泛的批判性重建的必要条件76\n\n70 Friedrich Engels, letter to Joseph Bloçh (in Königsberg) on 21 September 1890, quoted in Althusser, Is it Simple to be a Marxist in Philosophy?’ , 176. Traņslation modified: see Marx and Engels, MEW, Band 37 (Berlin: Dietz Verlag, 1967), 463. For Althusser, .to talk about the determination by the economy in the last instance is to mark oneself off from every mechanistic conception of determinism and to adopt a dialectical position.' Althusser, Is it Simple to be a Marxist in Philosophy?' , 177.\n\n71 The essential relation between time and wealth is addressed iņ Chapter 3. As we will later see, the whole development of wealth rests on the creation of disposable time.’ Marx, Grundrisse, 398.\n\n72Osborne, ‘Marx and the philosophy of time', 21.\n\n73 David Harvey, The Limits to Capital [1982] (London and New York: Verso, 1999), 101.) Alex Callinicos defines productive forces as the methods of labour and thereby its social productivity.' Alex Callinicos, Making History: Agency, Structure, and Change in Social Theory (Leiden/Boston/Cologne: Brill, 2004), 42-4.\n\n74 Means of production' also include the objective conditions without which social production cannot occur (e.g. office buildings, factories, fields, and so forth).\n\n75 To my knowledge, there is no work in the Anglophone secondary literature that looks at this relation.\n\n76 Drawing on an unpublished manuscript by Gareth Stedman Jones, Patrick Riley states (without providing any further analysis) that .Leibniz' s notion of “force\" and forces (Kräfte) may be the remote ancestor of Marx' s \"forces of production\" .’ Patrick Riley, Leibniz's Universal Jurisprudence:\n\n36","previous_page":35,"next_page":37}