{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"b8cc8f3f-5852-4365-9175-1ab6a36c20fd","title":"重读马克思：文本及其思想 第10卷 “资本一般”与政治经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300254760","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"b8cc8f3f-5852-4365-9175-1ab6a36c20fd","id":"b8cc8f3f-5852-4365-9175-1ab6a36c20fd","uuid":"b8cc8f3f-5852-4365-9175-1ab6a36c20fd","title":"重读马克思：文本及其思想 第10卷 “资本一般”与政治经济学批判","normalized_title":"重读马克思文本及其思想第10卷资本一般与政治经济学批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300254760","isbns":["9787300254760"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":376,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/b8cc8f3f-5852-4365-9175-1ab6a36c20fd","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%87%8D%E8%AF%BB%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%EF%BC%9A%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3%20%E7%AC%AC10%E5%8D%B7%20%E2%80%9C%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%80%E8%88%AC%E2%80%9D%E4%B8%8E%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/b8cc8f3f-5852-4365-9175-1ab6a36c20fd/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/b8cc8f3f-5852-4365-9175-1ab6a36c20fd/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/b8cc8f3f-5852-4365-9175-1ab6a36c20fd","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/b8cc8f3f-5852-4365-9175-1ab6a36c20fd/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/b8cc8f3f-5852-4365-9175-1ab6a36c20fd/search"},"page":{"printed_page":85,"pdf_page":104,"physical_index":104,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"4358a507b9c4fedb7223cce27a6d5f24bb6d001bb4a1881a3ad20117df1733a3"},"chapter":"第二章“资本一般”的批判对象和批判方法","content":"除了批评重商主义之外，斯密的资本理论也对重农学派的“净产品”产生过程进行了改造；斯密认为“净产品”产生于生产制造业，其他各种收入形式都是对这些产品的再分配。斯密的资本理论为理解现代生产开辟了道路，“从亚当·斯密开始的后来的经济学家……合理地把工业利润看成剩余价值最初为资本占有的形式，从而看成剩余价值的最初的一般形式，而把利息和地租仅仅解释为由工业资本家分配给剩余价值共同占有者各阶级的工业利润的分支”①。与斯密的资本理论类似，马克思同样“把与预付资本总额相联系的剩余价值，称为资本的利润…因为直接参与生产的资本家直接占有剩余劳动，而他以后还要在哪些项目下把这个剩余价值与他人分享，不管是同土地所有者分享，还是同资本的出借人分享，这是无关紧要的”②。在现实的生产过程中，各阶级的收入也确实都来自产业资本家的预付资本及资本利润，其中工人的工资来自预付资本，而地主的地租以及借贷资本家的利息来自资本利润；在扣除了工资、地租、利息以及生产成本之后，剩下的货币量才是产业资本家的纯利润。\n\n第二章“资本一般”的批判对象和批判方法\n\n②同①62.\n\n① 马克思恩格斯全集：第33卷.2版.北京：人民出版社，2004：21.\n\n85","previous_page":84,"next_page":86}