{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ba5508dd-cbe1-4126-aea9-a8f0fad2633e","title":"交往与社会进化","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"ba5508dd-cbe1-4126-aea9-a8f0fad2633e","id":"ba5508dd-cbe1-4126-aea9-a8f0fad2633e","uuid":"ba5508dd-cbe1-4126-aea9-a8f0fad2633e","title":"交往与社会进化","normalized_title":"交往与社会进化","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":284,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ba5508dd-cbe1-4126-aea9-a8f0fad2633e","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BA%A4%E5%BE%80%E4%B8%8E%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E8%BF%9B%E5%8C%96","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/ba5508dd-cbe1-4126-aea9-a8f0fad2633e/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/ba5508dd-cbe1-4126-aea9-a8f0fad2633e/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/ba5508dd-cbe1-4126-aea9-a8f0fad2633e","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ba5508dd-cbe1-4126-aea9-a8f0fad2633e/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/ba5508dd-cbe1-4126-aea9-a8f0fad2633e/search"},"page":{"printed_page":32,"pdf_page":61,"physical_index":61,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"e53dfda28e2243d6fe4d92d7ba0dbfab879d2ac8a260c32c4a9f6ec0d79887ac"},"chapter":"第一章什么是普遍语用学","content":"现在，我想就不同水平的分析工作及与此相应的符号学对象领域作一个总结：\n\n1.与话语相对的语句。如果我们是从存在于特定关联域中的具体的言语行为开始，并且不去涉及这些话语所具有的语用学功能的所有方面，那么我们所看到的就是语言学的表达。鉴于言语的基本单位是言语行为，语言的基本单位就是句子，划分乃是通过诉诸有效性条件获得的：一个语法性完美构成的语句满足了可领会性的要求；一个交往性的、成功的言语行为除了语言学表达的可领会性以外，还要求交往过程的参与者准备达到理解，要求他们高扬真实性、真诚性和正确性等有效性要求，并且相互地予以满足。句子是语言学分析的对象(b、c)，言语行为则是语用学分析的对象(d、e)。\n\n2.与一般语言相对的个体语言。语言学的任务首先在于为每一种个体语言提供语法，使得一种结构性描述可与该语言的任何语句相联系。一般的语法理论声称要重建成年言说者的普遍语言学能力，它往往专注于重建某种规则系统，这种规则系统构成了主体在任何语言中创造构造完美的语句之能力的基础(在一种较强的变体中，这种语言学资质意味着发展那种在内在意向的基础上指导语言捕获物的假说的能力；而在一种较弱的变体中，该语言学资质则呈示着学习过程的结果，这种结果在皮亚杰结构主义的意义上被译解)。\n\n32\n\n国外马克思主义和社会主义研究丛书","previous_page":31,"next_page":33}