{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104","title":"数字化生存 20周年纪念版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787121307362","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104","id":"bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104","uuid":"bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104","title":"数字化生存 20周年纪念版","normalized_title":"数字化生存20周年纪念版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787121307362","isbns":["9787121307362"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":362,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E5%8C%96%E7%94%9F%E5%AD%98%2020%E5%91%A8%E5%B9%B4%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E7%89%88","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104/search"},"page":{"printed_page":50,"pdf_page":121,"physical_index":121,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"f67602ca6b2b5e042fde9f8dfef7ac6463000992001d2d490b84e08ded2c7c35"},"chapter":"20周年纪念版 数字化生存 一本影响千百万人的互联网启蒙经典著作","content":"哎呀，这可糟了。一般来说，跨媒体经营的法令规定，业者不能在同一个地方，同时拥有报纸和电视台。在模拟的年代里，最容易的防止垄断、保障多元化的办法，就是限定经营者在任何一个城市中只能拥有一种媒体。媒体的多元化意味着内容的多元化。所以，假如你拥有一家报纸，你就不能再拥有一家电视台，反之亦然。\n\n1987年，参议员泰德·肯尼迪（Ted Kennedy）和欧内斯特·赫林斯(ErnestHollings)在预算决议中增加了一个追加条款，防止联邦通信委员会随便延长暂时搁置跨媒体经营管制的时间。这一条款主要针对鲁珀特·默多克（RupertMurdoch）[2]，他在波士顿（Boston）已拥有一家超高频电台，后来又在那里买下一家报纸。这个专门针对默多克的法案被称为“激光束法案”(laser beamlaw)，几个月后就被法庭推翻了，但国会禁止联邦通信委员会改变或放弃跨媒体经营管制的决议仍然有效。\n\n在同一个地方同时拥有报纸比特和电视比特，真的应该算违法吗？假如在复杂而又个人化的多媒体信息系统中，报纸比特不过是电视比特的延伸，又该怎么办呢？混合的比特，和以不同深度表现、不同品质显示的报道，只会使消费者得益。如果继续执行现有的跨媒体经营政策，美国公民岂不是被剥夺了享受尽可能丰富的信息的机会？如果我们禁止某些比特相互混合，就是在荒唐地自欺欺人。\n\n有保障的多元化并不像人们想象的那样，依靠烦琐的法规而存在。\n\n050\n\nbeingdigital|数字化生存\n\n[2]鲁珀特·默多克(1931—)，美籍澳大利亚媒介大王，在全球拥有大量报刊、电台、电视台、出版社及电影制片厂。","previous_page":49,"next_page":51}