{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104","title":"数字化生存 20周年纪念版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787121307362","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104","id":"bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104","uuid":"bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104","title":"数字化生存 20周年纪念版","normalized_title":"数字化生存20周年纪念版","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787121307362","isbns":["9787121307362"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":362,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E5%8C%96%E7%94%9F%E5%AD%98%2020%E5%91%A8%E5%B9%B4%E7%BA%AA%E5%BF%B5%E7%89%88","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/bbcce9bd-b637-4fa6-8a80-dadabab80104/search"},"page":{"printed_page":97,"pdf_page":168,"physical_index":168,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"d7cd84308eace67ecb01da33776fb80d3851fef0e291db9bc57add3b555ad98f"},"chapter":"20周年纪念版 数字化生存 一本影响千百万人的互联网启蒙经典著作","content":"2. 图形幻界\n\n计算机制图“大爆炸”\n\n1963年，伊凡·苏泽兰（Ivan Sutherland）在麻省理工学院发表了名为《画板》（Sketchpad)的博士论文，其互动式计算机制图的构想犹如给全世界投下了“一枚炸弹”。画板是一个实时的素描系统，使用者可以利用“光笔”，直接和计算机屏幕进行互动式交流。这个成就太伟大了，意义也极为深远，我们中的一些人，直到10年后才开始领会它的全部价值所在。画板为我们带来了许多新概念，随便举几个例子，就可以说出动态图形、视觉模拟、有限分辨率、光笔追踪以及无限可用协调系统等。画板可以说是计算机制图的“创世大爆炸”(bigbang)[1]。\n\n接下来的10年里，许多研究人员似乎对计算机制图的实时和互动层面失去了兴趣。相反，大多数人把创造力投入到脱机的(offline)、非实时的真实影像合成技术上。苏泽兰自己也稍稍偏离了原本的方向，转而研究图像逼真度，也就是要寻找能够让计算机影像变得栩栩如生、刻画入微的方法。这种研究的重心完全放在阴影、明暗、反射、折射、隐蔽的物体表面等诸如此类的问题上。绘制精美的国际象棋棋子和茶壶成了后画板时代的象征。\n\nPart 2 | 个性化界面\n\n097\n\n[1]一些学者认为，100亿\\~150亿年前，曾发生过一次大爆炸，宇宙由此形成。此处是借喻。","previous_page":96,"next_page":98}