{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"bbd4d72d-8053-4ba0-9588-9ab367fb8717","title":"后资本主义社会","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787506033770","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"bbd4d72d-8053-4ba0-9588-9ab367fb8717","id":"bbd4d72d-8053-4ba0-9588-9ab367fb8717","uuid":"bbd4d72d-8053-4ba0-9588-9ab367fb8717","title":"后资本主义社会","normalized_title":"后资本主义社会","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787506033770","isbns":["9787506033770","9787506033763","9787506033787","9787506033794"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":216,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/bbd4d72d-8053-4ba0-9588-9ab367fb8717","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E5%90%8E%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/bbd4d72d-8053-4ba0-9588-9ab367fb8717/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/bbd4d72d-8053-4ba0-9588-9ab367fb8717/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/bbd4d72d-8053-4ba0-9588-9ab367fb8717","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/bbd4d72d-8053-4ba0-9588-9ab367fb8717/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/bbd4d72d-8053-4ba0-9588-9ab367fb8717/search"},"page":{"printed_page":26,"pdf_page":58,"physical_index":58,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"93b71de3671a0526eb1d6256837a7562499d075e2b4d67f3facdee9f74c6d7d7"},"chapter":"第一章从资本主义到知识社会","content":"随着这些管理所带来的经济扩张，我们也逐渐了解到管理的真正含义。我刚开始研究管理这门学问时，是在二次大战期间以及结束后没多久。那时，经理人被定义为“负责指挥工作的人”（respon-sible for the work of subordinates)。换句话说，经理人就是“老板”的意思，而管理代表着上下层级与权力。直到今天，提到经理人与管理时，可能很多人还是想成这种意思。\n\n但是，到了20世纪50年代初期，经理人的定义已经改变为“负责执行的人”(responsible for the performance of people)。现在，我们知道这种定义太狭窄了，正确的定义是“负责运用与执行知识的人”(responsible for the application and performance of knowl-edge)。\n\n这种改变表示我们已把知识视为最关键的资源，而土地、劳动力与资本的重要性则受到一些条件限制。但如果缺乏那三者，光有知识也没法生产，光有管理也没有成果出来。如果有了有效用的管理，也就是说运用知识于知识上，土地、劳动力与资本等其他资源往往就跟着来。\n\n知识成为最关键的资源，是我们的社会之所以为后资本主义社会的原因。它从根本上改变了社会的结构，创造出新的社会动力、经济动力，以及新的政体。\n\n五、从统合知识到专门知识\n\n贯穿知识运用的三个阶段（工业革命、生产力革命、管理革命）的那条主轴，是知识意义的基本改变。传统的统合知识，改变为现代的专门知识。\n\n第一部分 社会\n\n026\n\n访问思考力听书商学院(www.SiKaoLi.com)——收听《后资本主义社会》有声课程！","previous_page":25,"next_page":27}