{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c10e658d-57f8-405b-9a17-dc45c392389c","title":"数字劳动与卡尔·马克思","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"2405518376","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c10e658d-57f8-405b-9a17-dc45c392389c","id":"c10e658d-57f8-405b-9a17-dc45c392389c","uuid":"c10e658d-57f8-405b-9a17-dc45c392389c","title":"数字劳动与卡尔·马克思","normalized_title":"数字劳动与卡尔马克思","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"2405518376","isbns":["2405518376","9787010230115","9780415716161"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":592,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c10e658d-57f8-405b-9a17-dc45c392389c","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E5%8A%B3%E5%8A%A8%E4%B8%8E%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c10e658d-57f8-405b-9a17-dc45c392389c/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/c10e658d-57f8-405b-9a17-dc45c392389c/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/c10e658d-57f8-405b-9a17-dc45c392389c","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c10e658d-57f8-405b-9a17-dc45c392389c/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c10e658d-57f8-405b-9a17-dc45c392389c/search"},"page":{"printed_page":179,"pdf_page":200,"physical_index":200,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"6a2d43273d57beed76fb6f8df1964dde4fa2464d23f1ea00d705c803d41d26b6"},"chapter":"第四章 达拉斯·史麦兹和当今受众劳动","content":"达拉斯·史麦兹谈到受众商品以及杰哈利、莱文特把看电视作为工作分析媒体商品化。互联网和媒体的观看、阅读、倾听是一种创造价值的劳动，受众商品和互联网产-消者商品是由观看、阅读、倾听工作所创造的商品。受众把自身生产为商品，其工作创造了受众和用户商品。在商业、广告资助的媒体中，媒体的使用就是受众的劳动。受众时间是创造价值的劳动时间—资本剥削无酬受众。在“脸书”(facebook)这样的商业社交媒体中，受众的劳动时间是相当活跃、具有社会性和创造性的劳动时间—这不仅仅是受众的劳动时间，而且还是产-消者劳动时间。产-消者劳动的在线特征使平台能够监控用户的所有活动，并将定向广告空间出售给广告客户。而广告客户不仅仅能够依据估计，而且能够对用户使用活动进行精确观察来量身定做广告。\n\n我们可以总结一下本章要点：\n\n(1)达拉斯·史麦兹提醒我们运用马克思的著作批判地研究资本主义媒体非常重要。\n\n(2)批判理论和传媒的政治经济学批判理论由于过于片面而遭受质疑。这种解释主要是基于选择性的阅读。他们忽略了在这两种方法中都有不同的权重关注媒体商品化、受众、意识形态和替代方案的各个方面。批判理论和政治经济学批判是相辅相成的，应该在当今的批评传媒研究中结合在一起。\n\n(3)达拉斯·史麦兹的受众商品概念在关于企业互联网供应商剥削数字劳动的辩论中获得了新的意义。数字劳动的剥削包括胁迫、异化和占用过程。\n\n第四章达拉斯·史麦兹和当今受众劳动\n\n179","previous_page":178,"next_page":180}