{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","uuid":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","normalized_title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","isbns":["7500402449"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":624,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%89%E8%AE%BA","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/search"},"page":{"printed_page":188,"pdf_page":200,"physical_index":200,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"bae21080c1421e10c6ae42f671a41a5593dc4dcdf2095381b6dd4d3fe7591c8f"},"chapter":"第二章","content":"在制定一种正义宪法时，我假设已选出的两个正义原则确定了一种能够对人们所期望的结果进行评判的独立标准。如果没有这种标准，宪法设计的问题就不能很好地确定，因为我们是通过检查各种可行的正义宪法（比方说在社会理论的基础上列举的各种宪法）、寻求在现存环境中最能导致有效的正义社会安排的宪法来做出最佳决定的。于是，我们就到达了立法阶段，走到了四阶段序列的第三步。我们从这个视角来评价法律和政策的正义；从立法代表者——他们总是不知道自己的特殊情况——的见解来评判各种议案。法规不仅必须满足正义原则，而且必须满足宪法所规定的种种限制条件。我们在立宪会议和立法阶段之间，通过反复酝酿找到了最住宪法。\n\n在此阶段，人们在立法（特别是有关经济、社会政策的立法)是否正义的问题上一般来说合情合理地具有各种不同的观点。人们对这些立法的判断常常依赖于思辨的政治、经济学说，并普遍地依赖于社会理论。我们常常所谈的最佳法律和政策至少不是明显不正义的。精确地运用差别原则通常要求具备比我们能预期有的信息更多的信息，无论如何，它比第一个原则的运用需要页多的信息。当平等的自由被侵犯时，这常常是相当清楚和明显的。这些侵犯不仅是不正义的，而且能被清楚地看出是不正义的：这种不正义在制度的公开结构中一目了然。但是，在差别原则调节的社会经济政策那里，这种情况是比较罕见的。\n\n188","previous_page":187,"next_page":189}