{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","uuid":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","normalized_title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","isbns":["7500402449"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":624,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%89%E8%AE%BA","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/search"},"page":{"printed_page":299,"pdf_page":311,"physical_index":311,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"4702c5a6c728bc609519ee9a52df76ac7a4f0f6df9b7367a928b3d3fc8c93061"},"chapter":"第二章","content":"第二，个人因市场的缺陷而遭受剥削这种情况的意义是十分特别的，这就是说，它意味着即按贡献分配的准则被侵犯了，而这一情况的发生是因为价格体系不再有效。但是正如我们刚刚看到的，这个准则只是许多从属准则中的一个，真正要考虑的是整个制度的活动，以及这些缺陷是否在其它地方得到补偿。再者，既然从根本上说效率原则没有被实现。那么人们也可以说整个共同体遭受了剥削。但实际上剥削概念在这里是不恰当的。它暗示着背景制度中的一个深刻的不正义，而与市场的低效率关系不大。②\n\n最后，鉴于效率原则在作为公平的正义中处于从属地位，我们就用不着特别担心对市场完善的不可避免的偏离。更重要的在于：一种竞争体系在机会公正平等的背景下为自由联合体原则和个人职业选择提供了场所，而且一种竞争体系容许家庭的选择来调节满足私人目的的生产项目。一个基本的先决条件是经济安排与自由制度和自由联合体之间的相容性。这样，如果市场是合理竞争和开放的话，那么纯粹程序正义的概念就是一个可行的概念。这个概念似乎比其它传统理想更为实际，因为它被明确地建构得把大量可能的标准协调为一个内在统一的、有效的观念。\n\n①关于训削的这一定义，见A.C皮古：《福利经济学》，第4版（伦敦，麦克米伦公司，1932年版），第549—551页。\n\n②见马克·布劳格：《经济理论的回颂》，第434页。\n\n299","previous_page":298,"next_page":300}