{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","uuid":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","normalized_title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","isbns":["7500402449"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":624,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%89%E8%AE%BA","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/search"},"page":{"printed_page":426,"pdf_page":438,"physical_index":438,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"fd8cb036206ae2e3223c29684e6818e7e9f48a29996619ded8a1415aea1dabfb"},"chapter":"第七章","content":"最后，善的强理论使我们能区分道德价值或无道德价值的不同种类。例如，我们能够区别出不公正的人、坏人和恶人。为说明这一点，让我们考虑下面的例子：一些人追求极权，即追求对他人的超出正义原则允许的而且能够任意专断地运用的权威。在每一个这样的例子中，那些追求极权的人都是为了达到自己的日的而出于意愿去做那些不公正的和非正义的事情的。但是不公正的人追求统治权是为了财富和安全这样一些目标，而这些目标当被恰当地加以限制的时候就是合理的。坏人欲求专权是因为他以运用这种权力时的主宰感为享乐，以及他寻求社会的喝采。他还具有对诸如他人的尊敬和自主感这些东西的一种过度的欲望，而这些东西只要充分地加以限制就是善。他满足这些奢望的方式使他面临危险。与此相对照，恶人追求不公正的统治完全是因为这种统治侵犯了独立的人们在一种原初的平等状态中愿意同意的那种东西，因而占有和表现这种统治权表明他的优越性并冒犯他人的自尊。他所追求的就是这种表现和冒犯。驱动着恶人的是对于非正义的爱：他喜欢看到那些屈从于自己的人们的软弱和卑微，并且乐于人们承认他是使他们变得卑微的任性的创造者。一旦正义理论和我称之为善的强理论结合起来，我们就能作出上述这些区分以及其它一些区分。人们似乎没有理由担心道德价值的这些细\n\n426","previous_page":425,"next_page":427}