{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","uuid":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","normalized_title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","isbns":["7500402449"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":624,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%89%E8%AE%BA","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/search"},"page":{"printed_page":448,"pdf_page":460,"physical_index":460,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"fd117a6af72cd9dbbfc51c41d960225409b67a4a8e6626dc6bcd0cbf5413312d"},"chapter":"第八章","content":"我不想评价这两种道德学习观念的相对优劣。当然，这两者各有其合理的东西，而且把它们以一种恰当的方式结合起来将会更完美。必须强调的是，一种道德观是原则、理想、准则的一个极其复杂的结构，而且涉及思想、行为和情感的所有因素。当然，许多种类的学习，从知识的巩固，古典的〔自我〕调节直到高度抽象的推理和对典型的精细的知觉，都影响着道德观点的发展。可能在某段时间中，每一种学习都发生着一种必要的作用。在以下几节（第70—72节）中我将按照在一个实现了作为公平的正义的各种原则的组织良好的社会里道德发展中可能发生的情况来扼要描述这个过程。我将仅仅讨论这个特殊的例子。因为我的目的是表明，当一个人在这种具体形式的组织良好的社会中成长时，他获得一种对正义原则的理解和情感的那些主要步骤。我将运用原则、理想和准则的完整系统的主要结构特征来确定这些步骤，就象把它们应用于社会安排时一样。我将说明，我们需要区分出权威的道德、社团的道德和原则的道德。对道德发展的描述将始终和人们应当学习的正义观念联系在一起，因而这种描述假定了正义理论的似真性，如果不是假定了这个理论的正确性的话。②\n\n①关于密尔的观点，见《功利主义》，第3、5章第16—25部分，《论自由》第3章第10部分，以及《密尔伦理学著作集》，第257—259页。\n\n448","previous_page":447,"next_page":449}