{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","uuid":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","normalized_title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","isbns":["7500402449"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":624,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%89%E8%AE%BA","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/search"},"page":{"printed_page":457,"pdf_page":469,"physical_index":469,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"8ab700431d22017d040b21574a50b95d7c2693aab1a03645aef678676e5ec2a5"},"chapter":"第八章","content":"一俟这些联系建立起来，一个人在没有恪尽职分时就会体验到一种（对社团的）负罪感。这种情感以各种各样的方式表现出来，例如表现在当伤害已经造成时补救对他人的伤害（补偿）的倾向.上，也表现在承认所做的事的不公平(不公正)并为之道歉的愿望中。负罪感也通过承认惩罚和指责的正当性，通过在其他人也没有尽职时不那么生气和义愤而表现出来。缺乏这些倾向就说明缺乏友谊和相互信任。它表明在与他人交往中的一种无视公认的、所有的人在仲裁其分歧时都使用的种种合理期待的标准和规则的倾向。一个没有这些负罪感的人对他人身上的负担不感到不安，他也不因为丧失他人的信任—那些人们由于这种信任而上了当——而烦恼。但是，当存在着友谊和信任的关系时，这种在实践一个人的义务与责任方面的过失就会产生出这些抑制物和反作用。如果这些情感的约束不存在了，就最多只存在着一种同情和相互信任的外观。所以，正如在第一个阶段上某些自然态度会朝向父母发展一样，在这里友谊和信任的联系会在伙伴中间生长。在这两种情况下某些自然态度都构成相应的道德情感的基础：缺乏这种情感就表明缺乏这些态度。\n\n457","previous_page":456,"next_page":458}