{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","uuid":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","normalized_title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","isbns":["7500402449"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":624,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%89%E8%AE%BA","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/search"},"page":{"printed_page":473,"pdf_page":485,"physical_index":485,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"4997ad439eba1866810cda5057266cfea247eba1554f21c7f8fa634b16d3b8e2"},"chapter":"第八章","content":"现在可以把自然态度和道德情操的联系表述如下：这些情操和态度都是人的特有倾向的有序系列，这些系列是知此地相互重合，以致某些道德情感的缺乏成了缺乏某种自然联系的证据。换言之，一俟道德获得了必要的发展，某些自然依恋关系的存在就导致了某些道德情感倾向。我们举例来说明这种联系。如果A关心B，那么，如果不作特殊的解释，当B处于危险之中时，A就为B担心并试图帮助B。同时，如果C准备不公正地对待B，A就对C感到义愤并试图阻止他的计划成功。在这两种情况天4都倾向于保护B的利益。而且，只要没有特殊的情况，A当和B在一起时就感到快乐，一旦B遭受伤害或死去，A就悲励而不能自拔。假如对B的伤害责任在于A，A就感到自责。爱是一种慎操，是当环境诱发时去体验或表现这些基本情感和以正当方式去行动的一系列有等级的倾向。①要确定自然态度和道德情操间的联系，人们只要指出，当A伤害了B时的自责，或当他侵犯了B的合理要求时的负罪倾向，或当C想否认B的权利时A的义愤倾向，在心理上都是紧密地联系着同B悲欢与共的爱的自然倾向的。道德情操在某些方面更为复杂。在其完全形态上，道德情操以对一定原则的理解和接受以及按照这些原则去判断的能力为前提。但假定是这样，道德情感倾向，也像快乐的倾向，或悲痛的倾向一样，是自然情操的一部分。爱有时表现为悲痛，有时表现为义愤。两者过常不可分离。合理的道德原则的内容就是这样的一些自然情操，因之才使得这些联系能为人们理解。\n\n473","previous_page":472,"next_page":474}