{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","uuid":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","normalized_title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","isbns":["7500402449"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":624,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%89%E8%AE%BA","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/search"},"page":{"printed_page":475,"pdf_page":487,"physical_index":487,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"8cfd7424c2cd9bcaa8e111c5c77b2336e6f01853d96ccf3ec42cb719b57aa707"},"chapter":"第八章","content":"所以，人们可以说，一个缺乏正义感的人，一个除非出于自私利益和权宜之计的考虑否则就从不履行正义要求的人，不仅没有友谊、情感和相互信任的联系，而且也不能够体验到不满和义愤。他缺乏某种自然态度和一种极其基本的道德情感。换言之，一个缺乏正义感的人也缺乏包含在人性这一概念之下的某些基本的态度和功能。因而，在不合意的这个词的某种扩展了的意义上，道德情感是不合意的，但是我们不可能避开道德倾向而不损害我们自己。这种倾向是对爱和信任，对友谊和感情，以及对我们已经从中受益的、为人类的一般利益服务的制度和传统的一种献身的珍视。而且，只要人们还有自己的利益和愿望，只要他们准备在追求自己的目的和理想的过程中把自己的要求强加于他人即，只要在他们中间存在着使正义成为问题的种种条件—那么，假如存在着诱惑物和激情，这种道德的倾向就将不可避免地表现出来。由于被美德的目标和理想所驱动意味着一种羞辱和羞耻的倾向，由于缺乏一种对羞辱和羞耻的倾向就意味着缺乏这些目标和理想，人们就可以说，羞辱和羞耻是人性概念的一部分。\n\n475","previous_page":474,"next_page":476}