{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","uuid":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","normalized_title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","isbns":["7500402449"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":624,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%89%E8%AE%BA","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/search"},"page":{"printed_page":481,"pdf_page":493,"physical_index":493,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"3c7cd7e885f878342295b94ec06e931a0b0dcd5d5bf017b000d89ad8ac398df6"},"chapter":"第八章","content":"第三点考察，是三条法则不仅仅是联合的或增强的原则。尽管它们和那些学习原则有一定相似之处，但是，它们断言爱和友谊甚至正义感这些积极情操产生于他人为我们的善而努力的明显意图。因为我们认识到他们希望我们好，我们也就关心他们的幸福。所以，我们是按照对制度和他人影响我们的善的程度的了解而获得对他人和制度的依恋关系的。基本的观念是一种互惠的观念，一种以德报德的倾向。这种倾向是一个深刻的心理学事实。假如没有这种倾向，我们的本性就会变得非常不同，而富有成果的社会合作也会变得十分脆弱，假如不是变得不可能的话。因为，一个有理性的人当然不会对影响他的善的事物漠不关心，假定他对它(他)们有了某种态度，他也就获得了一种新的依恋或新的厌恶。假如我们以怨报德，讨厌那些公正地对待我们的人，或厌恶那些推动我们的善的活动，一个社会很快就会不堪收拾。具有以德报德心态的个人就根本不能存在，或者在其发展过程中很快消失。通过以德报德而形成的一种正义感能力，似乎是人的交往的一个条件。那些最稳定的正义观念，可能就是建立在这些以德报德倾向之上的，由于这些正义观念具有最稳定的性质，那些相应的正义感也就是最稳固的（见第76节）。\n\n481","previous_page":480,"next_page":482}