{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","id":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","uuid":"c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title":"正义论","normalized_title":"正义论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7500402449","isbns":["7500402449"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":624,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%AD%A3%E4%B9%89%E8%AE%BA","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/c3e269f2-c36d-4862-98ef-fa37a2f8b009/search"},"page":{"printed_page":8,"pdf_page":20,"physical_index":20,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"d860c37db3443be73b6c4ac1e89b0f9ecc48637151f973362acff710620b3d9a"},"chapter":"正 义 论","content":"这种处理方法初看起来可能不合传统，但我相信实际上并不如此。亚里士多德给予“正义”的较专门意义（从中衍生了许多我们所熟悉的提法）是避免贪婪(pleonexia)，亦即避免通过夺去另一人的所有（他的财产、奖赏、职位等），或者通过拒绝给予某个人以他应得的尊敬、偿款和不遵守对他的诺言来为自己谋利。①显然，这一定义是适用于行为的，就人们有一种对正当行为的稳固有效的欲望（作为他们性格中的一个稳定因素）而言，他们被认为是正义的。然而，亚里士多德的定义显然预先假定了一种对什么应当是属于一个人的，什么是他应得的份额的解释。而这些应得的份额，我相信，通常都来自社会制度及制度所造成的合法期望。亚里士多德无疑不会反对这一说法，他肯定有一种可以解释这些要求的社会正义观。所以，由于我采取的定义是打算直接用于最重要的情形—社会基本结构的正义的，所以它和传统的正义概念就并没有什么冲突。\n\n1《尼各马可伦理学》，第1129b—1130b页5。我遵循格雷戈里·弗拉斯脱在《<理想国)中的正义和幸福》一文中的解释，见《批评文集》，瓦斯脱编（加登城，组约，道布尔戴出版公司，1971年版），第2卷第70页以后。有关亚里士多德对正义的讨论，见W，F.R。哈迪：《亚里士多德的伦理学理论》(牛律，克莱伦顿出版社，1968年版），第10章。\n\n8","previous_page":7,"next_page":9}