{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f","title":"时间社会学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303096213","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f","id":"cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f","uuid":"cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f","title":"时间社会学","normalized_title":"时间社会学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303096213","isbns":["9787303096213","0333440927"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":302,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f/search"},"page":{"printed_page":116,"pdf_page":162,"physical_index":162,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"97d4246f8c3c15ac9c7025608db5c2c81b2a37ab51e699ff0d7ced41e7ba9cce"},"chapter":"第七章 资本主义时间意识的形成①","content":"定期公共马车服务（伦敦至布里斯托尔）出现于1784年，此后便得到迅速推广。到1785年时，定期公共马车服务已在伦敦与25个城镇之间开展起来。②这种新的规律性产生了一些直接的社会影响。例如，它对伦敦的一些工作习惯产生的影响：\n\n从前，人们会在上午晚些时候打开来信，在这一天闲暇时处理它们，晚上才寄出回信；邮局办事员工作到多晚都不是问题，只要他们赶上了午夜投寄，就要等到晚上11点关邮箱。现在，所有邮件都在晚上8点从邮政总局发出；邮箱7点关闭，办事员在7点之后就下班了。③\n\n但是，新出现的定期公共马车服务也并非没有问题。尤其是地方时间之间难以控制的差别所产生的问题，因为英国大部分城镇，还依然处在各自的“时区”之中。1792年，英格兰各个社区都同意采用平均时间(mean time)，但是，具体所遵循的时间要以它们与子午线之间的位置关系而定。这就意味着，不同地区所遵循的时间大相径庭。例如，伦敦与普利茅斯之间的时差是16分钟。但是，在这一时期，时间上的差异是无关紧要的。因为公共马车行进速度较慢，可以进行时差调整。例如，从伦敦到布里斯托尔的路途中，就要由控制行程的车长负责调整时差。而他要做的就是简单地调一调时钟，使南“下”伦敦的行程少20分钟，而北“上”布里斯托尔的行程就多出20分钟。（布里斯托尔当地时间与伦敦时间的时差是20分钟）。\n\n时间社会学\n\n① 参见 Gregory, D. (1978)‘The Process of Industrial Change 1739-1900’in R. A. Dodgson and R. A. Butlin (eds). A Historical Geography of England and Wales, London: Academic Press; Gregory, D. (1981) Regional Transformation and Industrial Revolution, London: Macmillan.\n\n② Bagwell, P. (1960) The Transport Revolution From 1770, London: Batsford; Wright, L. (1968) Clockwork Man, London: Elek.\n\n③ Wright, L. (1968) Clockwork Man, London: Elek, p. 125.\n\n116","previous_page":115,"next_page":117}