{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f","title":"时间社会学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303096213","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f","id":"cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f","uuid":"cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f","title":"时间社会学","normalized_title":"时间社会学","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303096213","isbns":["9787303096213","0333440927"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":302,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%AD%A6","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/cd687a16-ff79-40f8-a0cc-84b63e8e697f/search"},"page":{"printed_page":79,"pdf_page":125,"physical_index":125,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"8dd37e0ecc8f42f605f0fc4716af24c75d91d0ae4b9b0fd5eab82babd5a33273"},"chapter":"第六章 社会一时间的结构和意义","content":"经历带来一种关于社会时间的批判意识：随着个人不仅经历在诸如中学这样一个机构之内从一个身份到另一身份的过程，而且经历从中学到变成劳动力，到退休回家的从机构到机构的过程，社会生平的时间像一个钟表，向前奔跑或在滴答声中溜走。这就是为什么社会时间迅速地从出生跑到成年，以后就要慢很多了，因为年老的个人很明显经历较受重视的过程，或者说经历在社会的意义上较不重要的过程。不过，身份状态变化的速度在往后的年头里又变快了，因为人们通常要经历退休、配偶死亡、健康状况下降、变化了的生活安排，等等。\n\n大多数的职位都有它们自身的由社会所规定的持续时间。每一职业都有它的时间表，③这包含给每一个人分配正常的时间去履行被指派的职位的计划。以较快或较慢的速度经过某状态，导致被看作是一种社会或年龄上的偏离，被看作具有特别的个人特点，从而导致离开了按年龄分级的正常状态。④被作为不正常挑出来的可能性，通常就足以马上迫使个体要么表现出消极的态度，要么作出超常的努力去符合时间表-这是使社会活动听从社会时间、历法时间以及时钟时间的命令的又一个例子。在这里，时间表是按次序排列的，不符合某一时间表的计划，那就要求某人下一次提前或推后到达。\n\n第六章 社会一时间的结构和意义\n\n① Hughes, E. C. (1971) The Sociological Eye, New York: Aldine; Roth, J. A. (1963) Timetables, Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.\n\n② Hughes, E. C. (1971) The Sociological Eye, New York: Aldine, p. 137.\n\n③ Roth, J. A. (1963) Timetables, Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.\n\n④ SanGiovanni, L. (1978) Ex-Nuns : A Study of Emergent Role Passage, Norwood: Ablex.\n\n79","previous_page":78,"next_page":80}