{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb","title":"智慧的疆界 从图灵机到人工智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787111778004","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb","id":"cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb","uuid":"cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb","title":"智慧的疆界 从图灵机到人工智能","normalized_title":"智慧的疆界从图灵机到人工智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787111778004","isbns":["9787111778004","9787111695714"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":456,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%99%BA%E6%85%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%96%86%E7%95%8C%20%E4%BB%8E%E5%9B%BE%E7%81%B5%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B0%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb/search"},"page":{"printed_page":103,"pdf_page":118,"physical_index":118,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"c98459e87e577362b0266fc628f74f92ccc8a1d291ef8a1233047d0fd699754e"},"chapter":"内容简介","content":"3.7 本章小结\n\n仅用一章来讲述人工智能发展中统治时间最长的一个学派的理论是肯定无法做到面面俱到的，由于篇幅所限，笔者只能尽量在本章把符号主义的主旨思想说清楚，很多涉及算法和技术细节的地方都没有深入甚至没有提及，笔者撰写本书的目的也并不在此。如果读者对符号主义的理论感兴趣（说实话，现在人工智能是基于统计和连接方法的天下，笔者认为对符号感兴趣的人并不会太多），可以寻找一些 2006 年深度学习提出之前的高校人工智能教材来阅读，这些书中对符号主义相关方法的讲解仍然占主要篇幅。\n\n符号主义现在还不能简单地以“是否过时”“是否正确”来判断，这个学派的理论还处于一个等待未来给历史定论的状态，但是无论它最终的结果是东山再起还是就此沉寂，都是之前人工智能学者艰辛探索过的道路。明斯基在 2006年的 AI@50 大会总结报告中提到了他对当前人工智能研究的一些看法：\n\n“当下太多人工智能研究只是想做那些最流行的东西，也只发表那些成功的结果。我认为人工智能之所以能成为科学，是因为之前的学者不仅发表那些成功的结果，也发表那些失败了的结果。”\n\n这一段评价所指的虽然不一定是符号主义，但是放在本章结尾，用来诠释符号主义的意义却显得极为合适。\n\n第 3 章 符号主义学派\n\n103","previous_page":102,"next_page":null}