{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb","title":"智慧的疆界 从图灵机到人工智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787111778004","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb","id":"cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb","uuid":"cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb","title":"智慧的疆界 从图灵机到人工智能","normalized_title":"智慧的疆界从图灵机到人工智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787111778004","isbns":["9787111778004","9787111695714"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":456,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%99%BA%E6%85%A7%E7%9A%84%E7%96%86%E7%95%8C%20%E4%BB%8E%E5%9B%BE%E7%81%B5%E6%9C%BA%E5%88%B0%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/cf76bc49-7e9b-4f42-bee8-3050a9fb9feb/search"},"page":{"printed_page":131,"pdf_page":146,"physical_index":146,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"4e8e3c69a4fcb93845408c40cf799b1a708d52f253cd71cc00fa0f90150f04a2"},"chapter":"内容简介","content":"其实，早在《感知机：计算几何学导论》出版前四年（即 1965 年），乌克兰数学家伊瓦赫年科（Alexey Grigorevich Ivakhnenko，1913—2007）就提出了和多层人工神经网络很接近的模型，其中就有解决异或问题的介绍，当时并没有引起多大关注，但后来神经网络的火爆程度大家都很清楚。\n\n第 4 章 连接主义学派\n\n131\n\n○一 1989 年，有人首次使用数学证明了只需要一个隐层的感知机（即两层或以上的多层感知机）就可以处理非线性分类问题，相关论文地址：http://www.dartmouth.edu/\\~gvc/Cybenko\\_MCSS.pdf。\n\n○二 此处只是举了一个最基础的二维平面上异或问题的例子。1974 年，哈佛大学博士沃波斯（Werbos）在他的博士论文中证明了两层神经网络就可以完全解决（在任何维度上解决）异或问题。","previous_page":130,"next_page":132}