{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"d06b946b-6924-4f30-afbd-92f915edbae4","title":"State Platform Capitalism","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9781009619714","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"d06b946b-6924-4f30-afbd-92f915edbae4","id":"d06b946b-6924-4f30-afbd-92f915edbae4","uuid":"d06b946b-6924-4f30-afbd-92f915edbae4","title":"State Platform Capitalism","normalized_title":"stateplatformcapitalism","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9781009619714","isbns":["9781009619714","9781009446594","9781009446587"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":98,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/d06b946b-6924-4f30-afbd-92f915edbae4","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/State%20Platform%20Capitalism","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/d06b946b-6924-4f30-afbd-92f915edbae4/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/d06b946b-6924-4f30-afbd-92f915edbae4/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/d06b946b-6924-4f30-afbd-92f915edbae4","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/d06b946b-6924-4f30-afbd-92f915edbae4/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/d06b946b-6924-4f30-afbd-92f915edbae4/search"},"page":{"printed_page":25,"pdf_page":30,"physical_index":30,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"b800339d40ca14d43381bd47bfbaa1d762f80a1eef57b997ea7d795a8776a508"},"chapter":"Cambridge Elements","content":"One objective of state financial support is to support the incorporation of platform and other high-tech firms into the defence sector. This requires more than an alignment of financial interests, and explains the growing integration between political and tech elites in Washington and Silicon Valley. For example, the Defense Innovation Board (DIB) was established in 2016, bringing together leaders from the private tech sector, venture capitalists and former military officers who advise the Department ofDefense on its technology policy. Its first chair was Eric Schmidt. The DIB (Defense Innovation Board, 2024) explains:\n\nPeer and near-peer competitors are challenging U.S. primacy across a number of domains and technologies, and DoD must navigate shifting economic and industry environments to meet these challenges and achieve mission success. In this context, the DIB provides outside independent expertise to the Department to support the warfighter and encourage innovative best practices throughout the armed forces.\n\nThe DIB’s mirror image in the private sector is the America’s Frontier Fund (AFF). AFF is a tech-focused venture capital outfit, whose website announced that:\n\nThe time to act is now. We are in a great-power competition, and the United States is falling behind. By 2030, we risk losing our edge in microelectronics, AI, 5 G, and quantum to our adversaries. At a time when technology advantage is strategic advantage, this is not a risk we can take. (America’s Frontier Fund, 2022)\n\nThe AFF can boast tech, financial and governmental elites among its employees. Its Board ofDirectors has included former Secretary ofDefense Ash Carter and retired Lieutenant General H. R. McMaster, while its current CEO Gilman Louie previously served as the CEO of IQT (formerly In-Q-Tel), a public venture capital firm established in 1999 by the CIA and other US government agencies that receives well over \\$100 m annually in tax revenue. IQT itself ‘focuses on the 15,000+ early stage venture-backed startup companies in the U.S. and select other countries’ (IQT, 2024).\n\nSustained efforts by both sides to integrate digital technologies with the US military explains the explosion of government contracts with Amazon, Google, Microsoft, Facebook, and Twitter since 2017.<sup>2</sup> The CIA signed an initial \\$600 m contract with Amazon Web Services (AWS) in 2013, and awarded a decadelong contract worth ‘tens ofbillions ofdollars’ to AWS, Microsoft Azure, IBM, Google, and Oracle in 2020 for cloud computing services (Konkel, 2020). Similarly, the National Security Agency (NSA) inked a US\\$10 bn contract with Amazon in 2021 for cloud computing services (Gregg, 2021). Google has developed collaborative relationships with the CIA, US Navy, and Air Force as it develops a bid for the Joint Warfighter Cloud Capability contract with the Pentagon (Simonite, 2021). And the NSA (2022) recently established a Cybersecurity Collaboration Center it describes as a ‘groundbreaking hub for engagement with the private sector . . . to create an environment for information sharing between NSA and its partners combining our respective expertise, techniques, and capabilities to secure the nation’s most critical networks . . . [representing] a vital part of a whole-of-nation approach to cybersecurity’.\n\nState Platform Capitalism\n\n25\n\n<sup>2</sup> See https://bigtechsellswar.com/.","previous_page":24,"next_page":26}