{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"d3ee5fbb-1124-4191-99e1-3139801e0da2","title":"Time The Modern and Postmodern Experience","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"d3ee5fbb-1124-4191-99e1-3139801e0da2","id":"d3ee5fbb-1124-4191-99e1-3139801e0da2","uuid":"d3ee5fbb-1124-4191-99e1-3139801e0da2","title":"Time The Modern and Postmodern Experience","normalized_title":"timethemodernandpostmodernexperience","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":null,"isbns":[],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":178,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/d3ee5fbb-1124-4191-99e1-3139801e0da2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Time%20The%20Modern%20and%20Postmodern%20Experience","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/d3ee5fbb-1124-4191-99e1-3139801e0da2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/d3ee5fbb-1124-4191-99e1-3139801e0da2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/d3ee5fbb-1124-4191-99e1-3139801e0da2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/d3ee5fbb-1124-4191-99e1-3139801e0da2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/d3ee5fbb-1124-4191-99e1-3139801e0da2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":47,"pdf_page":47,"physical_index":47,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"82fe81af45c6e8eaaf8511e865f79ab9c2b451b48f85bd5cf934efc2d7cf95eb"},"chapter":"An Embarrassment of Proper Times:","content":"The eighteenth century, Blumenberg concludes, did not yet believe that human beings make history, but what could be made was the pace of history: 'Stepping up the pace presupposes the inevitability, safeguarded elsewhere, of the sequences. Not an edifying result; but, recognizable by its fascination, apparently the most comforting one in the face of the temporal dimension of the future.'4 In the nineteenth century, human beings made history – as Karl Marx correctly recognized – and by means of machines. The speeding up of the ‘formal outline’ had found its unsurpassed method and form of organization in the machine geared to industrial production. The newly invented economy of time, in which all time becomes economy'consisted in the fact that more was produced within the same time unit, or the same volume could be produced within a shorter time unit.5 The speeding up by the machine was oriented to a different, mobile continuum of reference which had become the symbol of the machine age or, in Lewis Mumford's phrase, the key machine of the industrial age per se: the clock. The ‘inevitability, safeguarded elsewhere, of the sequences', which could be fed into the rhythm of the machines, first of all forced people who had to work at them to adapt themselves to standards of performance which were becoming quicker and quicker. When English industrial workers smashed the clock mounted above the factory entrance (and not the machines at which they worked), their anger was directed at the hated symbol of timekeeping, by means of which their accelerated output was monitored.6 Finally, in Taylorism\\* there followed the almost complete equation of an organic series of movements with the series of movements performed by machines, both prescribed in their inevitable sequences and measured by clock time. In the idea that all reserves of time, however insignificant they appeared, the hidden pauses and slow-downs, were to be rationalized away', the speeding up that was attainable by 'method, organization and institution'reached its provisional peak. What was to be forced into the lifetime of the concrete and frail subject' had indeed been pressed into it.\n\nFrom the Future to the Extended Present\n\n47\n\n\\* A reference to the doctrine of the American engineer Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856–1915), the founder of 'scientific management'. (Tr.)","previous_page":46,"next_page":48}