{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dadb939e-7360-4727-a1fb-be08c2f7a611","title":"Critical Theory of Communication New Readings of Lukács, Adorno, Marcuse, Honneth and Habermas in the Age of the Internet","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9781911534044","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dadb939e-7360-4727-a1fb-be08c2f7a611","id":"dadb939e-7360-4727-a1fb-be08c2f7a611","uuid":"dadb939e-7360-4727-a1fb-be08c2f7a611","title":"Critical Theory of Communication New Readings of Lukács, Adorno, Marcuse, Honneth and Habermas in the Age of the Internet","normalized_title":"criticaltheoryofcommunicationnewreadingsoflukácsadornomarcusehonnethandhabermasintheageoftheinternet","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9781911534044","isbns":["9781911534044","9781911534051","9781911534068","9781911534075"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":236,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dadb939e-7360-4727-a1fb-be08c2f7a611","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/Critical%20Theory%20of%20Communication%20New%20Readings%20of%20Luk%C3%A1cs%2C%20Adorno%2C%20Marcuse%2C%20Honneth%20and%20Habermas%20in%20the%20Age%20of%20the%20Internet","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dadb939e-7360-4727-a1fb-be08c2f7a611/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dadb939e-7360-4727-a1fb-be08c2f7a611/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dadb939e-7360-4727-a1fb-be08c2f7a611","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dadb939e-7360-4727-a1fb-be08c2f7a611/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dadb939e-7360-4727-a1fb-be08c2f7a611/search"},"page":{"printed_page":198,"pdf_page":202,"physical_index":202,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"ef021b3105a92a6217a77a84f77678b1f13929ef683ee6df320084983197bc0f"},"chapter":"C H R I S T I A N F U C H S CRITICAL THEORY OF COMMUNICATION","content":"We must distinguish between communication at work and the work of communication. Work is a social relation, in which humans co-operate in order to co-produce new reality that satisfies human needs. Communication is a social co-ordination in the work process. Communication at work means that all work is a social relation and therefore requires communication for the co-ordination of social production. Williams writes that ‘communication and its material means are intrinsic to all distinctively human forms of labour and social organization’ (Williams 1980, 50). Besides communication, also anticipatory, creative cognition is a key aspect of work, as Marx (1867, 284) stresses:\n\nBut what distinguishes the worst architect from the best of bees is that the architect builds the cell in his mind before he constructs it in wax. At the end of every labour process, a result emerges which had already been conceived by the worker at the beginning, hence already existed ideally. Man not only efects a change of form in the materials of nature; he also realizes [verwirklicht] his own purpose in those materials.\n\nFrom Rossi-Landi and Hund, we can take the idea of the work character of communication and the work of communication: communication is human work because it produces social meaning in the form of shared words, sentences, arguments, texts, discourses, and entire languages. In communication, humans are co-producers of meaningful information in society. The work of communication is a metaphor for foregrounding the productive, active and creative character of social information. Also Marx stresses that the symbolic realm is one, in which humans engage in real, active production: ‘Men are the producers of their conceptions, ideas, etc., that is, real, active men, as they are conditioned by a definite development of their productive forces and of the intercourse corresponding to these, up to its furthest forms’ (Marx and Engels 1845/1846, 36).\n\nBut communication is not just work, but also the foundation for understanding: through communication, humans learn to understand the world and the motivations and individual information of others. Other than Habermas, we should not assume that understanding automatically means moral agreement, but rather only the interpretation of the social world in order to make meaning of it. So communication is a specific form of work, but it is as social meaning and as the process of understanding the world at the same time also more than work. Work that is not purely individual, but a social relation conducted in a group, is also communicative in character. It is a productive social activity organised by communication that creates novelty and satisfies human needs. But it is not just, but more than communication.\n\nWork and communication are therefore seen from both sides identical and non-identical, which is just another formulation for the work/communication dialectic. Human production is social and therefore a communicative relation (communication at work). Communication is itself productive and therefore a specific form of work (the work of communication). Work is the productive aspect of human activity, whereas communication is human activity’s aspect of meaning-making in social relations. Meaning and social relations are themselves particular forms of production – symbolic and social production. They do not simply exist, but need to be created and reproduced.\n\n198\n\nCritical Theory of Communication","previous_page":197,"next_page":199}