{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dcc9103d-93ff-4da5-89f2-d15668886c27","title":"时间、现代与后现代经验","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303133659","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dcc9103d-93ff-4da5-89f2-d15668886c27","id":"dcc9103d-93ff-4da5-89f2-d15668886c27","uuid":"dcc9103d-93ff-4da5-89f2-d15668886c27","title":"时间、现代与后现代经验","normalized_title":"时间现代与后现代经验","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303133659","isbns":["9787303133659","9192631770"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":137,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dcc9103d-93ff-4da5-89f2-d15668886c27","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E3%80%81%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%8E%E5%90%8E%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E7%BB%8F%E9%AA%8C","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dcc9103d-93ff-4da5-89f2-d15668886c27/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dcc9103d-93ff-4da5-89f2-d15668886c27/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dcc9103d-93ff-4da5-89f2-d15668886c27","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dcc9103d-93ff-4da5-89f2-d15668886c27/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dcc9103d-93ff-4da5-89f2-d15668886c27/search"},"page":{"printed_page":37,"pdf_page":45,"physical_index":45,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"7580119dbd833f952227950aae1d7a21a5c735270676137b2d28b4662218a27e"},"chapter":"第二章 从未来到扩展了的现在","content":"而代之以扩展了的现在。①\n\n此外，正在以这种方式逃离的矛盾，其根源在于：贪婪地渴求技术和科学上的革新，渴求把它们转换成经济增长的快节奏，这既产生出不可预见的成分，也产生出革新的本质要素，并且也会寻求使所有这种革新的后果尽在掌控。我们要保持开放的视野，还没被构想的要保持其构想的可能性，而积极和消极的反响同样要得到认识，并能够预先防控。正如一个流行的政治标语：选择未来，决定未来；它暗示未来事实上是可以被选择和决定的。这样一种要求旨在开放参与式建构的视野，并且激励人们，唤起人们的想象力，这对于日常生活的单调性以及机构内与机构间的规则的紧缩构成了威胁。我们要传播的是“另类”的生活方式、“另类”的工作方式。但是，这种要被创造的未来已经发生在现在，要在扩展了的现在中决定。②\n\n未来正在现在中产生，这一事实处于决定未来进步的一系列进程的开端，是一个相对简短的时期，它得到了科技发生学研究的确证。起初，每个革新都存在着不计其数的发展可能，然而，它们很快就在进化选择的意义上受到了急促的限制。③经大规模的竞争排除那些可行性得不到证明的选择之后，即刻就剩下了有限的几个选择。时间路径被压缩而变得越发狭窄。是扩展了的现在选择了未来，而不是未来选择了扩展了的现在。\n\n第二章 从末來到扩展了的現在\n\n① 有关该问题的更详尽的论述可参见 Helga Nowotny，“From the Future to the Extended Present: Time in Social Systems\", in: G. Kirsch et al. (eds), The Formulation of Time Preferences in a Multidisciplinary Perspective, Aldershot: Cower, 1988, pp. 17-31.\n\n② Mark Elchardus也从另一个理论视角得出以下结论：从自然的自发时间中的历史到各种体制下的时间性的转换，其结果之一是，未来再也不会是理所当然之事。这种未来的消失与悲观主义无关。未来的消失是由对下述事实的清醒认识所引发的，即：社会体系创造了它自己的时间，并且，未来观念的意义仅在于现在和未来能在多大程度上通过某种（相对的）不变量和某种顺序来形成连接。参见 Mark Elchardus，“The Rediscovery of Chronos：The NewRole of Time in Sociological Theory\", International Sociology, vol. 3, no. 1(March 1988), pp. 35-60.\n\n③ R. Nelson 和 S. G. Winter, “In Search of a Useful Theory\" of Innovation, Research Policy, vol. 6 (1977), pp. 36-76; Brian Arthur, “Competing Technologies: An Overview\" in: G. Dosi et al. (eds), Technical Chance and Economic Theory, London: F. Pinter, 1988.\n\n37","previous_page":36,"next_page":38}