{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title":"认知 人行为背后的思维与智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300273921","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","uuid":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title":"认知 人行为背后的思维与智能","normalized_title":"认知人行为背后的思维与智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300273921","isbns":["9787300273921"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":290,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%20%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA%E8%83%8C%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E4%B8%8E%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":252,"pdf_page":263,"physical_index":263,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"4975c389c410d3649a34201531c69ca94be4b95a4ea0cc592bdf4b6dd0132d65"},"chapter":"第八章发现过程","content":"认知\n\n找出规律性的东西，再解释这个规律，这种过程称为“材料驱动归纳”（data-driven induction)。一般而言，科学家对“理论驱动归纳”比较感兴趣，但在科学史上，绝大多数的科学发现，都是“材料驱动归纳”的过程。如果我们希望发现一条重大的科学规律，首先就要有大量的材料，即使是在理论性很强的领域，如高能物理学，也需要有大量的材料，才能作出科学的发现。\n\n材料驱动归纳\n\n19世纪后期，天文学家在测量太阳的光谱时发现亮线的分布与光谱上的波长有一定的关系。假定第一条亮线的波长为1，第二条亮线的波长便是第一条亮线的 $\\frac { 2 0 } { 2 7 }$ ，第三条又是第二条的$\\frac { 1 2 5 } { 1 8 9 }$ ，第四条又是第三条的 $\\frac { 5 } { 8 }$ 等等。这种关系就如同字母序列模式一样，有了前面几个就可预计其他亮线会在什么波长上出现。在这个发现之前，物理学界并没有任何对太阳亮线和光谱波长之间的关系作解释的理论。科学家的工作就是要寻找一个有规律的模式，用数学的方式把它简单地表示出来。太阳光谱亮线的波长关系可以用素数积表示。由于我们对第一条亮线以1为\n\n252","previous_page":251,"next_page":253}