{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title":"认知 人行为背后的思维与智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300273921","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","uuid":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title":"认知 人行为背后的思维与智能","normalized_title":"认知人行为背后的思维与智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300273921","isbns":["9787300273921"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":290,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%20%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA%E8%83%8C%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E4%B8%8E%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":270,"pdf_page":281,"physical_index":281,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"e8da2e94180f7514b8e036bdac8364278e8508bb339f861595740efd78027b73"},"chapter":"第八章发现过程","content":"认知心理学的应用\n\n信息加工模型也可以用于研究教学工作。这主要是通过工作任务分析来研究教材的选用和课程的安排。要做好这些工作，就要了解学生完成任务的心理过程。现在我们可以用计算机来模拟这一过程，从模拟中了解人完成任务时的心理过程及其所需的信息。\n\n机器模拟可以用于儿童学习的研究。儿童初学时总要犯一些比较一致的常见的错误系统性错误，计算机能模拟这种情况。BUGGY程序就能模拟儿童学习算术时常犯的错误，其操作如下：让儿童做一系列算术题，对于做错的题，机器能发现究竟错在哪里。通过分析错误的类型，让程序模拟这些错误，并把它和正确的解题进行比较，以发现产生系统错误的原因，如儿童可能缺乏某方面的能力等。\n\n工作任务分析有助于教材的选用。研究发现，20分钟的样例学习能使儿童学会因式分解，这比平常的课堂教学更有效。这方面的工作还有待进一步研究。工作任务分析可以检查教科书是否包括学生学会技能所需要的全部信息。因为教科书都是有经验的教师编写的，可能已经包括了这些信息，虽然这些教师并不一定意识到哪些是学生学会技能所必要的信息，哪些是不必要的信息。\n\n认知\n\n270","previous_page":269,"next_page":271}