{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title":"认知 人行为背后的思维与智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300273921","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","uuid":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title":"认知 人行为背后的思维与智能","normalized_title":"认知人行为背后的思维与智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300273921","isbns":["9787300273921"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":290,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%20%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA%E8%83%8C%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E4%B8%8E%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":75,"pdf_page":86,"physical_index":86,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"76b3448d8a76c65b11cbfd1c3fa5c1913824b38e1e1ea1766ee8ff7d5d63f5cd"},"chapter":"第三章问题解决","content":"在这种情境下，被试要花费相当长的时间去克服困难，找到绕过障碍的方法，有时甚至要倒退才能绕过障碍物达到目标。这就相当于在爬山法中经过曲折的途径而达到最高的山顶。当然，爬山法在我们日常生活中也是有用的方法，不少实际问题都是靠这种方法解决的。\n\n总结以上几种解决问题的方法，我们看到，初次接触一个问题的人之所以能够解决这个问题，就在于他可以把过去已经掌握的一般解决问题的方法应用到新的情境中去。心理学的智力测验是测量人的某些能力，测验中的项目并不是被试过去已经知道的东西，被试要将过去掌握的一般知识应用到解决测验的项目中去，这种解决问题的能力就是智力测验所测的能力。\n\n在人工智能中，我们通常把不依赖已有的具体知识来解决当前问题的方法称作弱方法。前面提过的假设-检验法就是弱方法。\n\n第三章 问题解决\n\n75","previous_page":74,"next_page":76}