{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title":"认知 人行为背后的思维与智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300273921","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","uuid":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title":"认知 人行为背后的思维与智能","normalized_title":"认知人行为背后的思维与智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300273921","isbns":["9787300273921"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":290,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%20%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA%E8%83%8C%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E4%B8%8E%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":9,"pdf_page":20,"physical_index":20,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"50ca23a696d72836bdfe7b3a52b2bf3c3a49026c9ec64a6ac896119191e366c8"},"chapter":"第一章","content":"因此，刺激和被试当前心理状态这二者共同决定着被试作出什么反应（见图1-1）。这正如要知道行星的运行轨迹，就必须知道行星当前的运动状态和外界的作用力这两个方面一样。\n\n格式塔心理学则强调研究复杂的心理现象，而这些现象有时是很难用客观的术语和客观的方法加以描述的。考夫卡(K.Koffka)、科勒（W.Köhler）等格式塔心理学家认为在问题解决的复杂过程中，不要只靠简单的尝试错误，而且还要通过顿悟。格式塔心理学区分完好图形和不完好图形。所谓完好图形，就是一些很简单的、对称的，而且容易认出来的图形，但格式塔心理学对此并没有一个很精确的定义。格式塔心理学认为知觉的基本规律是机体生来就有的，并不受经验的影响。格式塔心理学也不同意把复杂现象分解为刺激-反应之间的关系。认知心理学与格式塔心理学一样，目标是要解决复杂行为的问题。例如，在解释顿悟中的理解过程时，我们承认格式塔“完好图形”的概念，同时又试图把这个“完好图形”分解为最基本的过程，以了解“完好”究竟指的是什么。又例如，格式\n\n第一章 绪 论\n\n9","previous_page":8,"next_page":10}