{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title":"认知 人行为背后的思维与智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300273921","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","uuid":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title":"认知 人行为背后的思维与智能","normalized_title":"认知人行为背后的思维与智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300273921","isbns":["9787300273921"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":290,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%20%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA%E8%83%8C%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E4%B8%8E%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":96,"pdf_page":107,"physical_index":107,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"6fdb8320333aa3f3dae5d65d032d75b61b47b045b705cdfdc1adf477ca7e852e"},"chapter":"第三章问题解决","content":"认知\n\n在记忆中，具有某种图式的内容容易被记住。前三种策略有一定的图式或模式，因而较第四种策略容易记住。\n\n4.迁移。\n\n迁移就是用已学到的方法解决类似的新问题的能力。前两种策略可以用于解决圆盘数更多或更少的河内塔问题。第三种策略稍加修改也容易迁移到新的情境中。第四种策略是不容易迁移的。因此，当我们在教学生某一门课程时，应教给学生最好的策略，使学生学习的时间最短，不给短时记忆造成太大负担，可以长期保持，同时又容易迁移到新的情境中。\n\n不同策略的作用\n\n格式塔心理学家卡托纳（Katona）用解谜的方法研究了不同策略的作用。只允许被试动三根火柴把图3-11中的五个方块变成四个等大的方块。他给三组被试不同的指导：\n\n（1）机械学习：告诉被试移动哪几根火柴，让他硬记，而不加任何解释。\n\n96","previous_page":95,"next_page":97}