{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title":"认知 人行为背后的思维与智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300273921","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","uuid":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title":"认知 人行为背后的思维与智能","normalized_title":"认知人行为背后的思维与智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300273921","isbns":["9787300273921"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":290,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%20%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA%E8%83%8C%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E4%B8%8E%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":97,"pdf_page":108,"physical_index":108,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"4a9795e2a3d75d4f251a79210bc51ef352cc4ee3b2e772077ad76bbb07051a1d"},"chapter":"第三章问题解决","content":"（2）给予解释：告诉被试其有16根火柴，如果每根都成为方块的一条边，那就可以组成四个方块。在这里16根火柴之所以能组成五个方块，是由于有些火柴作了两个方块的公用边。要解决这个问题应使每根火柴只起一条边的作用。这个解释容易使人迷惑，因为应该挪动的三根火柴并不是起公用边作用的，而是起单条边作用的火柴。但是挪动了这三根起单条边作用的火柴可以消除起公用边作用的火柴。\n\n（3）给予暗示：启发被试说“因为五个方块在一起太挤了，所以才使得某些火柴起到双重功能的作用（公用边）。要解决这个问题，就要使这些方块分散开”。\n\n被试所用的这三种方法都不需要很多的短时记忆。虽然三种方法的策略不同，但被试最后都能解决谜题。卡托纳把问题稍微做了修改，如图3-12所示。\n\n在这种情况下，先前用机械学习方法解决问题的被试，现在就遇到了很大的困难，而用后两种方法的被试，特别是用第三种方法的被试，却很容易解决问题。\n\n第三章 问题解决\n\n97","previous_page":96,"next_page":98}