{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title":"认知 人行为背后的思维与智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300273921","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","id":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","uuid":"dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title":"认知 人行为背后的思维与智能","normalized_title":"认知人行为背后的思维与智能","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787300273921","isbns":["9787300273921"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":290,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E8%AE%A4%E7%9F%A5%20%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%8C%E4%B8%BA%E8%83%8C%E5%90%8E%E7%9A%84%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4%E4%B8%8E%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dde4e586-1def-4457-8ec5-0287b0b0511d/search"},"page":{"printed_page":98,"pdf_page":109,"physical_index":109,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"2439bff56873ee4410fc6492fee54e8c8cdd287caa981dbfcdb7579b85881c4b"},"chapter":"第三章问题解决","content":"这可以从河内塔问题的讨论得到解释。机械学习的方法是无意义的学习，记忆没有多余性，学会的内容难以保持。至于为什么第三种暗示启发的方法要比第二种解释的方法效果好，可能是后者告诉了被试火柴的单功能与双功能问题，反而把被试的思路引向火柴的功能本身，而不去注意最后的目标。暗示启发的方法最有效，当告诉被试方块太集中，需要散开，就是说需要破坏原有的结构，移动几根火柴使各个方块离开远一些，这样就接近达到最后的目标。\n\n这一类的研究对于教育是有意义的。我们要让学生知道，用不同的学习方法会得出不同的结果。我们不仅要教会学生怎样解决问题，而且要教他们使用较好的方法解决问题。因为即使使用机械学习方法的学生，他也认为这样就可以学会了，他以后总是用这种方法学习。这对于保存知识和把知识运用到新的情境中去是不利的。\n\n问题解决策略的产生式系统\n\n下面讨论目标递归策略和知觉策略的产生式系统，以及用这两个策略的产生式系统来模拟人的行为的计算机程序的问题。\n\n认知\n\n98","previous_page":97,"next_page":99}