{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","uuid":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","normalized_title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","isbns":["9787303287741","0120214113"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":490,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AF%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":113,"pdf_page":133,"physical_index":133,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"a71104aab2fc52d225e49f24a0e176f2cbcfcfe0f732dd69990028e895b211f4"},"chapter":"什么是批判","content":"真正的社会学必须总是批判性的。一种纯粹描述性的理论有何用处？人们对社会学的期待是，它能够批判并且有助于社会的改善。这种批判的规范性基础并不能处于某种地方性的文化、宗教抑或道德的视角(就像日常的批判经常发生的那样)，因为社会学恰恰要将批判的诉求提升到普遍的层面。这种基础必须足够准确，从而使批判得以可能；同时也必须足够普遍，从而不会变成对某种特殊道德的抨击。\n\n从这种由行动者所表达的批判社会学及其批判模型中难道不会产生出某种规范性和批判性的立场吗？至少人们能够支持对实际的程序正当性辩护和检查的批判，像在农村的选举中所有被选举人都来自同一家族。但这是一种改良主义的批判，这样的批判并没那么吸引人，社会学应该是吸引人的！\n\n在日常生活中，人们是现实主义者，有很现实的期望。咖啡馆里的一名服务员，当他的同事比他更空闲的时候，他可能会很委屈，但是，当他看到他是一名服务员，而不是大学教授的时候，这点委屈又算得了什么这就是生活。社会现实可以或强或弱、或稳定或开放。1968年具有至关重要的经验就是人们感受到社会现实的软弱和漏洞。那时人们怀揣的并不是期望、而是梦想，他们的梦想改变了他们的期望。今天的情况已经不是那样了，似乎必须开启批判社会学，从而用来反对支配性的现实。\n\n批判社会学还是批判理论\n\n113","previous_page":112,"next_page":114}