{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","uuid":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","normalized_title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","isbns":["9787303287741","0120214113"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":490,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AF%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":114,"pdf_page":134,"physical_index":134,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"1e1cc9c12edc2d91a8ba4de8eaded349774188cdd72cbc48828095f19dfe1bae"},"chapter":"什么是批判","content":"四\n\n罗宾：承认理论一开始也是关注批判性诉求的。它是如何回答批判的规范性标准这一问题的？它能超越行动者过于现实主义的期望吗？\n\n霍耐特：通过承认来取代交往，应该能够开启通向社会批判的内在标准。因为在社会现实中有不正义和受忽视这样的经验在，而批判理论就是要结合这样的经验。这里就涉及一个双重性的问题：其中一个是关于承认斗争的设想与社会理论缺陷的关系。这样就不再能像我之前所认为的，仅仅着眼于某种人类学关于人们及其需求的设想而形成一个内在的一致性，从而对承认的不同的期望和形式进行区分了。这样的进路是过于心理学的而不是社会学的。另外一个就是欠缺某种规范性的问题：尤其是在与南希·弗雷泽(NancyFraser)的争论中她向我指明的那样，将批判的标准锚定在受忽视的体验中伴随着一种危险，即将任何期待都当成正义的并加以接受。①这样的结果当然是很荒谬的，有相当多奇怪、疯狂和另类的期望并不能看作是正当的。所以我们需要某种理论资源，借此来区分期望和承认需求的正当性与否。因此我曾经所区分的承认的三重维度—正当的平等、爱、个人成就是不够的，尽管按照这些维度只有某些期望是能通过回溯到与之相联系的原则而加以正当性辩护的。在法国对我路径的接受中，这一点被误解了。有不正义的感受本身并不是批判的基础。\n\n① Nancy Fraser und Axel Honneth, Umverteilung oder Anerkennung?,Frankfurt/M 2003.\n\n114\n\n什么是批判","previous_page":113,"next_page":115}