{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","uuid":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","normalized_title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","isbns":["9787303287741","0120214113"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":490,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AF%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":121,"pdf_page":141,"physical_index":141,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"bdb051827451f655c8fce348dfc9d875bf77ad37e733a594dea9d59ff96ca8cd"},"chapter":"什么是批判","content":"与此相关，我们可以区分三种不同的检验方式。第一种，为了验证真实的情况是什么，有一种从建制中发展而来的真理检验。这里为了与布迪厄的象征秩序相联系，我们确定现实的任务就常常以“上帝是伟大的”这样的同义反复的形式来进行。这种特殊意义上的现实与世界是相区分的。是否公共机构所宣称的现实与世界一致就是一个开放的问题了？第二种，有一种现实检验(Realitätsprüfungen)，在此范围中来检验哪一种诉求以之为基础。当我说我现在在看管计算机时，我们能够马上来验证。社会是被建构的，正如最近十几年所有社会学家所指明的那样，但是现实并不是世界。对于元批判而言，区分现实与世界也是核心的。正如维特根斯坦所说，世界就是一切发生的事态(was die Welt ist，wasderFallist)。但是我们并不知道，世界是什么，不过它总是在那里，我们能够与之发生关系。第三种检验方式是双重意义上的检验(épreuve)：验证和挑战是同时的，我称之为生存上的检验。在这种检验中有一种反对已有真理的体验。①\n\n批判社会学还是批判理论\n\n121","previous_page":120,"next_page":122}