{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","uuid":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","normalized_title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","isbns":["9787303287741","0120214113"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":490,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AF%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":133,"pdf_page":153,"physical_index":153,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"bc9ed95711c288860a1faacf305a67692463b378447faf670ddb3f21eb6e171d"},"chapter":"什么是批判","content":"我还要清楚地说一次：这种对制度僵化的批判在于，它总是能够不断发挥确定现实的规范性功能，而没有给出这个世界或者在阿多诺非同一性的意义上的某种共振板(Resonanzboden)，这并不是以通过某种不正义的方式被歧视或受排斥的社会群体或阶级之名进行的。要是这么说的话，我们所有的人都“遭受”制度控制我们的欲望、冲动或空想之苦，根据语义学的规定我们对这些内容还没有找到合适的语言来表达。或许完成的批判的情况是这样，它的任务是，让我们关注生活形式、联系方式和自身行为，而它们在对现存制度的现实确定中被排除了。对此人们必须还要区分出一种社会批判的形式，它以某些群体的名义对被视为不正义和不正当的社会实在状况进行批判，因为它们违背了已经确立起来的制度性原则；这里所批判的，是这样的制度性实践或国家活动，我们在其中并没有得到平等的待遇，而是某些群体要比其他群体受到更多的歧视。这样的批判不应该遵循抽象的、纯粹应然性的规范，而是需要建立在已经确立和广为接受的原则之上；因此它必须首先经历重构，它必须在历史的-社会的过程之中揭示这种规范，这种规范是建立在对其制度化的基础上对某种程度上的社会许可的揣测。从这一原则出发，社会批判得在两个方向上进行：其一，为了能够说这些原则并不适用于某些群体，我们需要考虑这些原则已经习以为常的意义；其二，为了能够指出，我们需要的社会正义比在被给出的实践和制度中已经确立的要更多，我们必须得关注更多的规范和这一原则的适用范围。\n\n批判社会学还是批判理论\n\n133","previous_page":132,"next_page":134}