{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","uuid":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","normalized_title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","isbns":["9787303287741","0120214113"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":490,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AF%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":159,"pdf_page":179,"physical_index":179,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"e92c83de9f266d210425e4c3fb4fc8b5862ee6b808eb5b11092dced918ac6966"},"chapter":"什么是批判","content":"我首先对“批判”(Kritik)、“批判性的”(kritisch)和 类似词语在几种欧洲语言中的起源进行论述。然后我将 忽略同语种内的区分，如对“批判者”(Kritiker)和“批判 性的”(kritisch)的区分，以及语种间的区分，如对(德 语)“批判”(Kritik)和英语“批判”(critique)的区分，而总 结性地谈论“批判”一词的起源。\n\n(德语中的)“批判”一词，直接地或者经过法语词的迁回，出自拉丁词criticus。这个词是对希腊词κριτιó9(kritikos)的拉丁化，后者则起源于动词κρívω(krino)。κρpivω的基本含义是“分离、说明或分开”①。选取这些义项作为该词的基本含义，并不是因为它们是最早可证明的，而是因为其他含义是从它们中衍生的。因此κρivω也有如下含义。\n\n(1)选择②。这是该词基本含义中包含的一个子集：选择某人或物，就是说出于特定目标将它们分开放置。\n\n(2)在法庭上或者其他地方裁定一场争执。③这也是之前含义的一个特例：裁定一场争执意味着，在争执者\n\n① Ilias5，501.我在此处和下文中依据的是以下书中的相关篇目： Henry George Liddell und Robert Scott, A Greek-EnglishLexicon, Oxford 1977.\n\n② Ilias 1, 309.\n\n③ Odyssee 12, 440; 18, 264; Platon, Staat 360 e.\n\n批判，以及它如何可能变得更好\n\n159","previous_page":158,"next_page":160}