{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","uuid":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","normalized_title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","isbns":["9787303287741","0120214113"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":490,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AF%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":237,"pdf_page":257,"physical_index":257,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"3e3cb4d1942ed5d6f5ccbd3019848d3f3bfcfb7cd1b138b5f330262157938cbe"},"chapter":"什么是批判","content":"同样在开始第二次旅程时，堂吉诃德和他临时招募的侍从桑丘·潘沙遇到了一个风车群，骑士立刻将它们认作了充满恶意的巨人。①堂吉诃德和风车的战斗体现的滑稽之处在于，根本找不到能把风车混淆为巨人的原因，我们更多只能将混淆追溯到骑士“脑中的风车”。在他面前并没有什么东西能阻止他把一种开放的和自由的关系纳入世界，因而也根据事物所呈现出的一切表象来看待它们。堂吉诃德信以为真的东西和实际为真的东西之间的差异，首先表明将一般的风车和巨人搞混是可能的，其次也和他的自大有关，认为他一个人能够和“三十个巨人甚至还能和更多巨人”战斗。支撑着堂吉诃德假象的自由，在和桑丘·潘沙的关系中会表现得更清晰。当他自己能够从他那不起眼的随从那里得到关于处境的正确评价时，对风车和巨人的混淆就并不是由于理智能力的问题，而是由于意志问题。堂吉诃德本可以作出其他判断，并且意愿他的判断比其实际所是更加有根据。鉴于这种自由，自我欺骗和错误能够得到区分，后者在奥德修斯非意愿的迷失方向和俄狄浦斯无自由意志的无知中得到表达。\n\n① Miguel de Cervantes, Der sinnreiche Junker DonQuijote von der Mancha, übers, von L. Braunfels und durchg. von A. Spemann，München1997，S.67-69、后面的引文都出自这篇文 章。\n\n反思，治疗，展示\n\n237","previous_page":236,"next_page":238}