{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","uuid":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","normalized_title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","isbns":["9787303287741","0120214113"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":490,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AF%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":245,"pdf_page":265,"physical_index":265,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"fa76f45cc0a09bac7722488fb239ddbd521551a61405760792f34bd52ca17972"},"chapter":"什么是批判","content":"(2)批判的对象和现存的坏事物(Schlechten)之原因相关。被批判的并不是坏的现实，而是使其可能的观点和信念。因此对正义战争之批判的对象，与其说是由它导致的苦难，不如说是作为其根据的正义理解。批判的分析工作正在于，重新建构否定要素及其原因的关联。批判在分析性的意义方面出现了如克尔凯郭尔对绝望和恐惧(Angst)的分析，在此苦难被追溯到一种对自主性(Autonomie)的弱化理解上；②根据精神分析的处理方式，灵魂的困难被追溯到可能的“元场景”(Urszenen)上；③同样因为马克思的资本分析④和批判理论的计划。\n\n①阿多诺正确地指出了康德主要著作的时代诊断背景，参见： »Kritik«, in: ders., Gesammelte Schriften, Band 1O.2.Frankfurt/M.1977，S.785-793，hier：S.785f. 阿多诺这里涉及的似乎是康德《纯粹理性批判》第一部序言的开头和第二版序言的结尾处(AIX bzw. B XXXIV)。\n\n② Sören Kierkegaard, Die Krankheit zum Tode,Stuttgarl 1997; ders. , Der Begrif f Angst, Stuttgart 1992.\n\n③不过在弗洛伊德的文本中批判的概念始终是含混不清的。关于批判和精神分析的关系，可参见约阿希姆。屈兴霍夫(JoachimKüchenhoff)在本书中的文章。\n\n④关于马克思的批判思想，参见：Georg Lohmann，Indifferenz und Gesellschaft. Eine kritische Auseinandersetzung mit Marx, Frankfurt/M. 1991.\n\n反思，治疗，展示\n\n245","previous_page":244,"next_page":246}