{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","uuid":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","normalized_title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","isbns":["9787303287741","0120214113"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":490,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AF%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":407,"pdf_page":427,"physical_index":427,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"349c7e055503288af01f855783b8c6ce55acdbb06473662187b13d81628cd031"},"chapter":"什么是批判","content":"三、意义的错误：意义的扭曲、意义的遮蔽、意义的回撤\n\n如果说，本文第一部分最后所述的第一种批判针对的是理解的不同侧面及其有限性这一侧，那么，第二种和第三种批判则针对对象这一侧。它涉及的是诸如在怀疑的解释学中所展示的，意义图像本身之中的意义回撤。在这里，批判是对象针对自身内在的虚假的批判。这是一种针对图像的批判，它包含着错误的要求，超出了自己的真相。有时很容易看出来，这样的自我吹嘘是有意的还是无意的；按照经典的定义，意识形态的东西必然是一种错误的意识，因为它必然陷于系统性的自我欺骗，而这种自我欺骗无法从内在被克服。马克思描述的资产阶级的、自由观的意识形态关系，以及尼采描述的关于传统道德的自我幻觉，就是这种局限性的例子，我们只能从外部惊动这种幻觉，只有被迷惑的意识首先认识到这一点，对这些幻觉的修正才是可能的：这是解放性的道德关系的前提，也是对于自由派的自由平等预设的进步呼吁的前提。这在精神分析案例中是很明显的，其中，病人最本真的意图就是作为自我启蒙的批判。\n\n解释学与批判\n\n407","previous_page":406,"next_page":408}