{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","uuid":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","normalized_title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","isbns":["9787303287741","0120214113"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":490,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AF%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":433,"pdf_page":453,"physical_index":453,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"41f15d93b5d3766e0cfe02075245cefe69c409d46d09a814ad5edc977d7a7838"},"chapter":"什么是批判","content":"批判解释学的不稳定性是显而易见的，而一种批判性理解的构想又是不可反驳的。这种构想似乎无可辩驳；存在要求这种构想的事态。哈贝马斯提到的那种理解条件的扭曲是存在的；若非同时与理解性的边界、与不可理解之物碰撞，则理解很难被经验到。同样，对反思必要性的提示也不能被拒斥。对明显超出自明之物的事态之把握，没有反思也很难成功。问题只是在于，反思及其注意力是否必须从外部被带入理解里面的不确定的、受限的和受妨碍的东西之中，使得一种称为批判性的理解被证明是一般性理解的真理。或许一般性理解与批判性理解的对立正如直接意识与间接科学在利科那里的对立太过醒目且错失了理解的本质。或许“深层解释学”根本就只是解释学。只有当人们试图将理解的本质至少粗略地澄清时，两者才得以相互区分。\n\n三\n\n理解①不同于把握或领悟，它尤其不是单纯的知识获取。这在如下处境中尤其明显，这种处境首先通过非理解被规定，而理解在其中立刻设定自身。当一个对话伙伴的表达被理解，人们不仅知道他人意指的是什么，而且也知道与之应对。当人们理解和明白一个之前不清楚的游戏规则，就可以参加游戏。理解因此意味着：从某物开始某物。\n\n① 更详细的讨论见：Jürgen Habermas，Theorie deskommunikativen Handelns, 2 Bände, Frankfurt/M. 1981, §12, S. 104- 126.\n\n理解一怀疑一批判\n\n433","previous_page":432,"next_page":434}