{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","uuid":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","normalized_title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","isbns":["9787303287741","0120214113"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":490,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AF%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":54,"pdf_page":74,"physical_index":74,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"2144d631461d05bc83dee35201bb88722eb327109dc5b68edf3b936a54e3c0a4"},"chapter":"什么是批判","content":"3. 异化作为后现代的基本经验\n\n在以现代的、规范性的、伦理的自主性为理想的社会中，异化意味着自主性的缺席甚至丢失。当主体的自我效能信念被削弱时，当主体(个体的或集体的)面对实际困难感到“无力”时，主体就会体验到“异化的”情境。\n\n社会学诊断正是在这个意义上将所谓的从现代向“后现代”的过渡视为一种倒退，退回到“宿命论”，退回到放弃主动塑造的视角，退回到主体逐渐增强的无力体验。①“政治恶感”的症状，即对民主政治系统种种操作的不满，与集体性的自我效能期待的显著倒退之间的关联并不是偶然的。政治环境的异化在感知中表现出来，政客要么不再关注民众的利益并且不再能获知他们的忧虑，要么不再有能力抵挡(经济上的)实际困难。\n\n① Heinzvon Förster,Sicht und Einsicht, Wiesbaden 1985.\n\n② 参见：Hartmut Rosa，Beschleunigung. Die Veränderung der Zeitstrukturen in der Moderne, Frankfurt/M. 2005, S. 402 ff., und ders. , »The Speed of Global Flows and the Pace of Democratic Politics«, in: New Social Science, Jg. 27,2005, S. 445-459.\n\n54\n\n什么是批判","previous_page":53,"next_page":55}