{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","uuid":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","normalized_title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","isbns":["9787303287741","0120214113"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":490,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AF%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":77,"pdf_page":97,"physical_index":97,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"f04a9bfc25780d0c102d965bcae8389f01d93193d11bfa592f09024f953bdeea"},"chapter":"什么是批判","content":"1. 布迪厄\n\n人们经常声称，早期布迪厄的实践理论和哈贝马斯相比犯了镜像错误。诚然，他分析了具体的(当代)社会实践以及它们所表达的具体规范。但是却没有和这些规范保持批判性距离，也就是批判，无论是在被分析者的层面还是在未参与的观察者的层面。在哈贝马斯陷人规范性的不可避免的原因时，布迪厄的实践社会学仍然被困在对现状的肯定性描述中，这充其量只是让被分析者明白为什么反抗是徒劳的。①这解释了布迪厄对批判哲学的敌意，批判哲学要么退回到对先验的和臆想的无内容的前提条件的重建，要么以糟糕的意识形态批判方式向被异化者给出规范。而后期的、能动主义的和规范主义的布迪厄，试图使实践理论特别是在《世界的苦难》②中—对社会批判有用，他仍被指责为精英主义的意识形态批评。他为那些能够很好地为自己说话的人代言。并暗中为完全过时的家长式社会福利国家概念辩护。\n\n①比如，雅克·朗西埃在这本书中的批评：Le philosophe et ses pauvres, Paris2007 (1983).\n\n② Pierre Bourdieu u. a. , Das Elend der Welt. Zeugnisse und Diagnosen alltäglichen Leidens an der Gesellschaft, Konstanz 1997(frz.1993).\n\n(意识形态)批判如何被规训\n\n77","previous_page":76,"next_page":78}