{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","id":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","uuid":"dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title":"什么是批判","normalized_title":"什么是批判","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787303287741","isbns":["9787303287741","0120214113"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":490,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88%E6%98%AF%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/dfe67541-4039-4f88-87ce-dbbadb056cb2/search"},"page":{"printed_page":81,"pdf_page":101,"physical_index":101,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"3efe25ea208db6f30857306071a7c54e080cfd3e2b8c7d62293ed84d93d1c01c"},"chapter":"什么是批判","content":"但布迪厄的实践理论并非没有问题。半自觉控制的规则理论蕴含着下述危险，即维特根斯坦式的寂静主义(Quietismus)以及精英式结构主义的意识形态批判。布迪厄也知道这一点。他有充分的理由放弃他最初的结构主义，而选择这样一种实践学，它关注参与者的视角与观察者的视角之间的调解。布迪厄得出这个结论并不是出于心地善良，而是因为他有足够的自我批判精神，看到实践的哪些方面是他无法用一个过于狭隘的结构主义方案来解释的。①\n\n能够解开神秘之行动规则的社会学魔术师应该被自我反思的社会学家所取代。他说明了自身在日常的，但也是理论性的分析实践行为中的嵌入性。而且，他努力带着他不可避免的参与者身份的限制来调解与社会世界的断裂，也就是说，把自己与被分析的行为人放在一个水平上。然而，问题是，布迪厄是否找到了一个令人满意的解决方案，来调和参与者的视角和观察者的视角、距离和参与，另外，这在多大程度上也是通向一个可信的意识形态批判形式的路径，从而超越哈贝马斯最终的异化要求。似乎是，社会学家要么必须成为一个超然的参与者，要么对观察者的视角的反思只会使其加倍。两者都会抹去对方的视角。①\n\n①布迪厄认为，结构主义社会学尤其误解了所观察到的实践的时间结构，因为它过度专注于实践的产品—opusoperatum(完工的作品)，而不是关注其过程。\n\n(意识形态)批判如何被规训\n\n81","previous_page":80,"next_page":82}