{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"e47e5c4c-5343-4dfa-8855-9d5325d10ec1","title":"技术批判理论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7301082207","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"e47e5c4c-5343-4dfa-8855-9d5325d10ec1","id":"e47e5c4c-5343-4dfa-8855-9d5325d10ec1","uuid":"e47e5c4c-5343-4dfa-8855-9d5325d10ec1","title":"技术批判理论","normalized_title":"技术批判理论","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"7301082207","isbns":["7301082207"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":306,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/e47e5c4c-5343-4dfa-8855-9d5325d10ec1","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/e47e5c4c-5343-4dfa-8855-9d5325d10ec1/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/e47e5c4c-5343-4dfa-8855-9d5325d10ec1/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/e47e5c4c-5343-4dfa-8855-9d5325d10ec1","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/e47e5c4c-5343-4dfa-8855-9d5325d10ec1/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/e47e5c4c-5343-4dfa-8855-9d5325d10ec1/search"},"page":{"printed_page":128,"pdf_page":147,"physical_index":147,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"5d06baa10cae74ac93f8a24438ba43b68bda3b3b8c00dcb6317725319088bafb"},"chapter":"第四章 后工业的话语","content":"但是，如同我们所知道的一样，不管自反性在逻辑上会引起多少困难，它对于世界来说又是不可或缺的。生物体是由遗传物质来“编制程序”的，而遗传物质本身又是遗传程序操作的对象(Atlan.1979:21-23)。另外，尽管一些思想运作可以根据外部编程的隐喻来加以描述，但大脑作为一个系统，主要是通过操作自己的状态来“创造”自己的；人类思维更像是一个新连接主义者所说的神经网络而不是一台普通的计算机。总之，我们是自我编程的存在者(self-programming beings)，尽管这在术语上是一个明显的矛盾(Varela,1984)。\n\n“第一种控制论”概念的社会应用与总体控制的意识形态相互呼应。编程员或操作者的(控制)元层面和(被控制的)对象层面的分离反映了现代技术系统中概念与实施之间的分裂。与此相反，一种自我编程或自组织系统的观点有一种悖论式的结构和解放的含意：在一个民主政体中，每个人彼此都是管理者和被管理的对象。\n\n存在论的设计\n\n我们似乎远离了人工智能的领域，但事实上人工智能研究领域的划分可以根据自组织的概念重新形成。哈姆伯图·马图拉纳和弗兰西斯科·法里拉这两位智利的神经生理学家加\n\n技术批判理论\n\n103\n\n128","previous_page":127,"next_page":129}