{"resolved":true,"match_type":"uuid","source_type":"original_book","book_id":"e613fff5-9eda-4e8d-b348-903e6d630253","title":"黑箱社会 控制金钱和信息的数据法则＝THE BLACK BOX SOCIETY","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508655208","requested_by":"printed_page","book":{"source_type":"original_book","book_id":"e613fff5-9eda-4e8d-b348-903e6d630253","id":"e613fff5-9eda-4e8d-b348-903e6d630253","uuid":"e613fff5-9eda-4e8d-b348-903e6d630253","title":"黑箱社会 控制金钱和信息的数据法则＝THE BLACK BOX SOCIETY","normalized_title":"黑箱社会控制金钱和信息的数据法则theblackboxsociety","author":null,"edition":null,"publisher":null,"year":null,"isbn":"9787508655208","isbns":["9787508655208"],"parsed":true,"ai_readable":true,"document_type":"book","page_count":318,"navigation_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/e613fff5-9eda-4e8d-b348-903e6d630253","title_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/title/%E9%BB%91%E7%AE%B1%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%20%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E9%87%91%E9%92%B1%E5%92%8C%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%9A%84%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%B3%95%E5%88%99%EF%BC%9DTHE%20BLACK%20BOX%20SOCIETY","fixed_page_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/ai/book/e613fff5-9eda-4e8d-b348-903e6d630253/page/{printed_page}","path_api_url_template":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/book/e613fff5-9eda-4e8d-b348-903e6d630253/page/{printed_page}","read_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/read/e613fff5-9eda-4e8d-b348-903e6d630253","page_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/e613fff5-9eda-4e8d-b348-903e6d630253/page","search_url":"https://workshop.closeclaw.top/api/ai/books/e613fff5-9eda-4e8d-b348-903e6d630253/search"},"page":{"printed_page":118,"pdf_page":137,"physical_index":137,"physical_index_base":0,"printed_page_status":"recognized","page_sha256":"b66d597f60105adb33c057eebc7face022c24a0ab9f62ab58bf5f0e04c9594a4"},"chapter":"第三章","content":"将竞争者们阻拦在通用搜索领域之外的不仅是高昂的基础设施成本。搜索技术的创新需要有庞大的用户群做基础，这样才能将各个运算程序“训练”得更加灵敏，但这个用户群目前为Google所有。分析创新取决于能否获得大量的数据，但这些数据也属于Google，他人无法共享。只要Google的搜索数据库依然保密，外界的创新就只能胎死腹中。罗伯特·默顿(RobertMerton）将此称为“马太效应”：强者越强，弱者越弱。\n\n此外，如果有人确实推出了一个Google的完美替代品呢？通常他们必须通过其希望取代的那些平台来推广自己的产品。如果Google、苹果、亚马逊和Facebook对其采取抵制态度，那么它们就可以确保这个竞争者推出的替代产品不被人所见。\n\n有关服务的限制性条款成了另一道阻碍。用户在输入搜索问题时须同意不以任何理由对任何Google服务进行复制、修改、散布、出售或出租，并且不得试图更改程序项目。广告商还要受制于其他的限制条款。\n\n最后，还有黑箱本身的问题。Google的保密政策不仅使垃圾邮件发送者不能操纵Google的搜索结果，而且可以防止竞争对手借助或模仿它的算法来创建新的算法。与专利程序不同，Google的算法不能被强制披露，而且所受保护没有终止日期。商业秘密永远不能公开，更不要说将其拿到公众领域让其他人免费利用了。\n\n黑箱社会The Black BoxSociety\n\n118","previous_page":117,"next_page":119}